THE STYLES OF HENRY IV. AND LOUIS XIII. 



249 



243- 



PARIS : PORTE DE LA CON- 

 FERENCE, NEAR TlJILERIES 

 GARDENS (1634) ; Now DE- 

 STROYED. FROM PERELLE. 



welfare of his subjects by public 

 institutions and schemes of town 

 planning. In Paris three new re- 

 sidential quarters were planned on 

 uniform schemes by Claude Chas- 

 tillon, all of which show the charac- 

 teristic brick and stone treatment 

 with chaines and panels and only a 

 minimum of pilasters. The trian- 

 gular Place Dauphine (Fig. 211), 

 consisting of middle-class houses with 

 shops, was formed (1600) by utilising 

 two waste islets as an approach from 

 the Pont Neuf (finished 1604) to the 

 Palais de Justice. While only traces 

 of its treatment are now visible, the 

 Place Royale (1604), a square of 

 small aristocratic "hotels" (Fig. 210) 

 with a common garden, and a cloister 



walk round it in their lower storey, is still intact. The Place de 

 France, a semicircular space facing a new gate between those of St 

 Antoine and the Temple from which eight streets radiated, was aban- 

 doned soon after commencement and has left no trace. The Grande 

 Place at Montauban was also begun. In the next reign schemes of 

 the same kind were applied to the rebuilding of bridges with houses 

 on them: the Pont St Michel (1616-24), w i tn eight identical pavilions 

 each containing two houses; the Pont Marie (1614-33), an< 3 the Pont 

 au Change (1639-47), the last by Jean du Cerceau and others. The 

 example thus set was followed by nobles and statesmen, and resulted 

 in the foundation of complete towns on symmetrical plans Hen- 

 richemont, founded by Sully, in which a radiating system is combined 

 with the rectangular ; Charleville, founded by Charles of Gonzaga, and 

 Richelieu by the cardinal (1627), and designed by the architect Le 

 Mercier, both rectangular. 



TOWN GATES. The sturdy character of the Henry IV. style was 

 well adapted to the architecture of defence. It may be seen applied 

 to this purpose in the old gates of Nancy, Porte de la Craffe (1598), St 

 Georges and St Nicolas (1606), and others at Cassel, Cambrai, Riche- 

 lieu. Several of the gates of Paris (Portes St Bernard, St Honore, de la 

 Conference) (Fig. 243), long since disappeared, and the Paris Arsenal 

 were also of this age and character. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Among peaceful public works two of the noblest 

 were Salomon de Brosse's Aqueduct of Arcueil (1612-24), inspired by 

 those of Rome, and the Palais des Etats, or du Parlement (now Palais 



