26o 



RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE IN FRANCE. 



253. ROUEN : 



CHAPEL OF THE 



JESUIT COLLEGE 



(NOW LYCEE) 



(c. 1610). 



pilasters on whose entablature, running below t 

 clearstorey windows, rested the more or less stilted 

 semicircular barrel-vault, divided into bays by trans- 

 verse arches and intersected by the cross-vaults over 

 the clearstorey windows (see Fig. 329). The vault 

 was sometimes, its arches almost always, coffered 

 or panelled, the windows usually round-headed and 

 sometimes, especially the lower ones, almost flat-headed 

 (see Fig. 324). Over the intersection a dome, either 

 concealed in the roof or raised above it on a drum, 

 was often introduced. 



ELEVATIONS. The typical fagade, an approxima- 

 tion to which had already appeared at Le Mesnil 

 Aubry (Fig. 194) had two orders and a pediment 

 in the high central portion corresponding to the nave, and one order 

 in the low side portions corresponding to the aisles, the transition 

 between the two being contrived by means of curved wing walls or 

 reversed volutes ; a similar feature over the aisle arches or chapel 

 walls served the purpose of buttresses to the nave-vault. That this 

 variety of the basilica fagade, which first occurs in Alberti's front at Sta. 

 Maria Novella in Florence, rather than that in which the aisle fronts 

 had half-pediments, and the nave front sometimes a giant order, as in 

 Palladio's Venetian churches, was almost exclu- 

 sively used in France is one of the results of the 

 influence of the Gesii. In accordance with the 

 growth in the scale of design and of unity of con 

 ception characteristic of the period, the doorway 

 in such fagades becomes a relatively insignificant 

 detail, so as not to compete with the total effect. 

 This is illustrated by the fact that the French 

 apply the term portail to the whole of such fronts, 

 not to the mere doorway. 



ST GERVAIS, ST PAUL AND ST Louis, PARIS, 

 &c. The church of the Jesuit novitiate (1617-30) 

 by Martellange, the first entirely classical church 

 in the capital, and the Jesuit church at Avignon 

 probably by the same architect (1615-55), were SCALE OP t_J_J MeTR6S 

 designed on the lines above described. De Brosse scaL - OF ' ' ' ' PEET 

 had, however, anticipated the former, as far as the 254. PARIS : JESUIT 

 fagade is concerned, in the noble front added by CHURCH (NOW 

 him to the Gothic church of St Gervais (1616-21) 

 (Fig. 255). Monumentally conceived, surely pro- 

 portioned, and happily grouped, if heavy in detail, 

 this is a study in Roman architecture of an 



ST PAUL AND ST 

 Louis), RUE ST 

 ANTOINE (1625-41), 

 BY F. DERAND. 

 PLAN. 



