20 NAVIN ON THE HORSE. 



irregular, and almost imperceptible. This marks the beginning 

 of the third stage, in which the blood is overloaded with poison- 

 ous matters, which the lungs have lost the power to remove. 

 The breathing becomes quicker and more laborious ; the horse 

 becomes restless or uneasy; may lie down, but will immediately 

 jump up again ; the legs and ears become of a death-like cold 

 ness ; the muzzle also begins to become cold ; the bright red of 

 the nostrils has disappeared, and they are of a dull, livid, or 

 leaden hue ; twitching of the muscles takes place ; the horse 

 grinds his teeth ; staggers as he attempts to move ; finally falls, 

 and, after a few convulsive struggles, dies. 



The disease does not always present the above train of symp- 

 toms. In what are called sub-acute cases, the symptoms are 

 not so violent. But there will always be enough present to 

 indicate the nature of the case. 



Of the congestive type of pneumonia, in which the lungs are 

 engorged with blood from the first to the last, Mr. Percival says : 



" In the worst cases of this kind the animal is all over in a 

 tremor; a cold sweat bedews his body; there is no pulse to 

 be felt ; his extremities betray the coldness of death ; his eye 

 is frightfully wild, and, together with the boring of the head, 

 and stupidity oAdnced by him, clearly denote the poor sufferer 

 to be laboring under a species of delirium. 



" Should this state of congestion come on in the stable, grad- 

 ually, and some time after the cause is applied, the horse will 

 show it by aj^pearing dull, listless, heavy-headed, and off his 

 appetite; his respiration (breathing) will gradually become 

 more disturbed and oppressed, indicating much more labor than 

 pain. The pulse will be full and quick, but probably so feeble 

 as hardly to be perceptible. The ear, applied to the chest, de- 

 tects no sound; the usual respiratory murmur (a sort of mur- 

 murmg sound produced in the lungs) is lost. The extremities 

 (the legs and ears) have a cold, death-like feel ; and, in extreme 

 cases, the mouth is cold also, and the pupils (the sight of the 

 eyes) more or less dilated (spread out, made larger). Cold 



