102 NAVIX ox THE HORSE. 



anus or fundament, and let it remain. This will cause the bow- 

 els to act. One or two grains of podophyllin given every day 

 to a colt that is troubled with costiveness will cure it. It may 

 be given in a few table-spoonfuls of water. Twenty grains 

 given to the mother will have the same eifect. 



JAUNDICE. 



This disease is sometimes called yellows. It is known by a 

 yellow discoloration of the skin, which is caused by the bile 

 not being carried oif from the liver in the natural way, but 

 taken into the blood, and spread through the whole system. 

 The yellowness can only be seen w^here the parts are not cov- 

 ered with hair; but every part of the skin, fat, flesh, and 

 every part through which the blood flows, if it could be exam- 

 ined, would be found to be tinged wdth the yellowness of the 

 bile. 



Symptoms. — The first symptoms of jaundice that will likely 

 be noticed are yellowness of the mouth, nose, and eyes, and a 

 yellowness of the urine, or w^ater. These symptoms ^\\\\ show 

 that the case is one of jaundice. But before these symptoms 

 may have been observed, other appearances of ill health may 

 have been noticed. The horse may have been observed to be 

 lazy or sluggish in his movements, and drooping when stand- 

 ing. As the disease progresses, the sinking of the strength 

 and spirits increases; the head hangs down, the eyelids fall, 

 and may become quite closed. There is a great degree of 

 stupor, and the horse reels or walks unsteadily, and this may 

 even be so bad that he may fall down. His breathing is af- 

 fected, and his pulse increased in frequency. The bowels are 

 costive, and the dung-balls are hard, and smeared over with 

 a yellow, slimy mucus. The water, throughout the whole 

 course of the disease, is scant and yellow. 



Causes. — The immediate cause of the disease is the bile 

 being carried from the liver into the blood, instead of passing 

 from the liver into the intestine or gut. The horse has nr 



