EDUCATION. 



325 



entitle the liolders to admission into tlie Training Schools. Of tlieso 

 there are two, one for females and one for males. There are fifteen full 

 scholarships to each Training School, and the Avinners of these are 

 trained and supported wholly at the Government expense. In addition, 

 ten half scholarships are awarded, and in the case of these the Depart- 

 ment bears half the expense. Others who pass the examination but do 

 gain scholarships may enter the Training Schools at their own expense 

 provided there is room, but they cannot sit for a classification at the 

 end of the course, nor gain any official advantage over those wlio do 

 not enter the Training School. The period of training is one year, and 

 at the end of that time trainees are examined and classified' as third 

 or second class teachers according to the manner in which they acquit 

 themselves. Those first-class pupil-teachers who fail to gain scholar- 

 ships remain as ex-pupil-teachers, and occupy various subordinate 

 positions until they acquire the requisite skill, knowledge, and length 

 of service to enable them to secure promotion by examination. It may 

 here be remarked that students are encouraged to attend University 

 lectures and to work for a degree wherever such a course is at all 

 practicable. Special facilities for this are given to those students who 

 possess unusual ability and industry. 



Instruction and Attainments of Piqnl-teachers. 



Each puj^il-teacher receives instruction for at least one hour on each 

 school day from the head master of the school in which he is engaged. 

 The subjects are : — Reading, writing, arithmetic, grammar, geography, 

 bistory, drawing, music, school management; and for males, Latin, 

 geometry, and algebra; and for females, French and needlework. 

 Each year they are expected to show an increasing proficiency in these 

 subjects, and also an improvement in practical skill. 



Attainments of Teachers. 



Candidates for a third-class certificate are examined in reading, 

 writing, arithmetic (including vulgar and decimal fractions, proportion, 

 practice, simple and compound interest), grammar (including the use 

 of words, Saxon and Latin derivation, and composition), geography 

 (European and Australian), history (outlines of English and Australian), 

 school management, drawing (blackboard and freehand), rudiments of 

 vocal music ; and for females elementary domestic economy. Candi- 

 dates for second-class must pass in reading, writing, arithmetic (the 

 full course), mensuration (elementry), art of teaching, grammar, English 

 literature, geography, drawing (model and geometrical), music, history 

 (English and Australian), and (for females) sanitary science. Also in 

 one of the following : I, Latin , II, French ; III, cuclid (three books 

 with deductions), with algebra (to quadratic equations, including 

 surds) ; IV, Any two of the following : Experimental physics (Balfour 

 Stewart); chemistry, inorganic (Roscoe) ; geology (Geikie's Class Book); 

 botany (Oliver's Elementary Lessons) ; physiology (Huxley's Elementary 

 Lessons). For a first-class certificate candidates must pass a more 

 difiicult examination in the subjects enumerated for second class, and 

 among the alternative groups we find trigonometry, Greek, German, 

 and hygiene, introduced. University graduates of not more than five 

 years' standing are exempted from examination in alternative subjects. 



