EDUCATION. 331 



Numerous scholarsliips, bursaries, and exhibitions (public and 

 private) have been founded for the encouragement of talented boys, 

 and for the support during an academic course of boys whose means 

 are limited, but whose ability is beyond the average. 



In 1852 actual operations were begun with ±\ under-gi-nduutes, and 

 3 teachers. In 1894, there were 402 under-graduates, and 47 teachers. 

 The examinations for degrees are as severe as those of any University 

 in the world, and indeed many are less exacting than ours. 



By Royal charter in 1858, it is granted that all degrees given by the 

 Sydney University shall as to rank, precedence, privilege, and prestige, 

 hold their face value in all parts of the Empire. 



The Senate now has power to teach, examine, and confer degrees 

 in arts, medicine. Law, science, and engineering. Other branches of 

 University work consist in the junior and senior public examinations 

 similar to the Oxford and Cambridge local examinations, Civil Service 

 examinations, matriculation examinations for those who purpose, with- 

 out seeking a University degree, entering the profession of the law, 

 and the system of extension lectures. 



Affiliated Colleges. 



Within the University area there are three affiliated colleges — 

 Church of England, Roman Catholic, and Presbyterian. 



The Wesleyans and Congregationalists have theological colleges, 

 but they are not affiliated to the University, and do not receive any 

 Government support. Prince Alfred Hospital is built within the 

 University enclosure, and is utilised for the instruction of medical 

 students. 



Private Colleges and Schools. 



Besides the institutions carried on wholly or partially by public 

 funds, a large number exist for imparting primary and secondary educa- 

 tion which are entirely independent of State aid. These may be divided 

 into denominational and undenominational. 



Denominational Colleges and Schools. 



Of these, the Roman Catholics have 285 schools, taught by l,l-5;i 

 teachers, and having an enrolment in 1894 of 27,105 pujiils. The 

 Church of England has 02 schools, with 240 teachers, and 2,682 

 pupils. Other denominations have 10 schools, 64 teachers, and 54o 

 pupils. There are, of course, no means of ascertaining accurately the 

 efficiency of these schools, as neither teachers nor pupils are subject 

 to any kind of examination by persons holding a responsible inde- 

 pendent position. So far as can be judged by University examina- 

 tions, and by general observation, it would appear tluit many of them 

 are doing good work. 



Undenomin a t ion a I Sch ools. 

 There are numerous private schools of this character scattered 

 through the Colony, jirincipally in the more populous centres. In 

 1894 there were 506 in operation, having a staff of 1,203 teachers, and 

 12,000 pupils. These schools are devoted mainly to secondary educa- 

 tion. The remarks made above touching the efficiency of Denomina- 

 tional Schools are also applicable to those now under discussion. 



