CONTENTS. XV 



Page 

 des Annais. — Long fanning streets. — Upper Bay of Kamouraska. 

 — Price of farms. — College of St Anne. — Eapid increase of the 

 French population. — Early marriages. — Healthiness of the 

 climate. — Comparative births and deaths in Lower Canada 

 and in England. — Kamouraska. — Village of Du Loup. — Cacona. 

 — Extent of wild land in these lower counties. — Large families 

 of the peasantry. — Subdivisions of farms.- — Resemblance of the 

 poorer habitants to the poorer Irish. — Wages in the Rimouski 

 district. — Longitudinal valleys parallel with the St Lawrence. 

 — Bog-earth of North America. — Rimouski. — Irish landlord. — 

 Scotch settlers at Mitis, . . . . .322 



CHAPTER XIIL 



THE AGRICULTURE AND WHEAT-PRODUCING CAPABILITY OF THE UNITED 

 STATES AND CANADA — AND THE NAVIGATION OF THE ST LAWRENCE. 



Ideas generally entertained of American fertility and agricultural 

 resources. — Agriculture as an art in North America. — Effect 

 of general exhaustion on the production of staple crops. — 

 Retreat of the wheat-exporting lands towards the west. — Re- 

 markable change in Lower Canada. — Its eflFect on the corn- 

 markets of the world. — Similar changes probable in other 

 parts of North America. — Import duty on Canadian Corn. — 

 Would its removal benefit Canada as a whole] — Why can 

 Rochester millers compete with Canadian 1 — Large profits 

 expected in Canada. — Growth of flax and export of linseed. — 

 The St Lawrence the natural outlet of the Lake-bordering 

 countries. — Exertions of Canada in the construction of canals. 

 — Its energy compared with that of New York. — Ohio wheat 

 will prefer the St Lawrence to the Mississippi route. — Impor- 

 tance of this route to the political independence of the free 

 North-western States. — Diflficulties and future prospects of 

 the navigation of the St Lawrence, .... 354 



CHAPTER XIV. 



FROM MITIS ON THE ST LAWRENCE BY THE KEMPT ROAD ACROSS THE 



PENINSULA OF GASPE TO CAMPBELTON AND DALHOUSIE ON THE 



EESTIGOUCHE. 



Road through the forest. — Clearings and accommodations by the 

 way. — Great Metapediac Lake. — Little lake. — Burned forests 

 and bridges. — Noble's. — First gi'een fields. — Home associations. 



