CHAPTER II. 



Area and population of Xew Brunswick. — Tlie lumbei'-trade, its benefits 

 and evils. — It retarded and discouraged farming. — Emigration caused 

 by a crisis in this trade. — City of St John. — Diminution in its import- 

 trade and in the provincial revenue. — Apprehensions as to the ability 

 of the province to sustain its population. — River St John. — Rich 

 river flats. — Average produce of Queen's and Sunbury counties. — City 

 of Fredericton. — Farm on the St John. — Intervale land, its different 

 qualities and values. — Emigration fever. — Indian com as a fodder 

 crop in England. — Opinion as to farming with paid labour. — Wood- 

 stock. — Quality and value of land in its neighbourhood. — Exhausting 

 culture of first settlers. — Farming on Shares. — Charivari of the 

 Mickeys of Woodstock. — Farm at Jacksontown. — Speculators in 

 land. — Iron ore and iron smelting. — Itinerant lecturers. — Mouths of 

 the Tobique and Aroostook rivers. — Potato breakfasts and meals 

 in common. — Sowing of winter wheat on newly cleared land only. — 

 Rust and wheat fly, remedy for.— Mellicete Indians on the Tobique. 

 — Irish settlement and thriving settlers. — Healthiness of the pro- 

 vince. — Grand falls and town of Colebrook. 



Before my departure from England, I had been invited 

 by the Governor and House of Assembly of New Bruns- 

 wick to visit that province, with the view of drawing up 

 a report, to be presented to his Excellency and the Legis- 

 lature, in reference to its agricultural capabilities. I had 

 undertaken this task without very clearly understanding 

 the nature of the duty, or of the country, and in the hope 

 that it would not seriously interfere with my other plans 

 in visiting the American continent. On my arrival, how- 

 ever, I very soon found that the extent of the province, 

 VOL. I. C 



