CHAPTEE VII. 



Eailway to Buflfalo, — The Americans a clever people. — Incorrectness of 

 speech on both sides of the Atlantic. — Joe Smith, founder of the 

 Mormons. — Outline of his history while in the State of New York. — 

 His removal to Missouri, to Ohio, and Illinois successively. His 

 imprisonment and death. — Rapid progress of his sect. — New State of 

 Utah, on the Salt Lake. — Outline and character of the book of Mor- 

 mon. — Its claims as an American revelation. — Canandagua. — City of 

 Rochester; its rapid rise. — Genesee flour. — Money -value of farms 

 on the Genesee River. — Profits of farming in this valley. — Mr Wads- 

 woi-th's farms and farming. — Rent, and rotation on his land. — Capital 

 of farmers on this estate. — Inducements to invest money in land in 

 New York State. — Sowing and reaping of wheat. — Relative values of 

 rural produce and of human labour. — Average produce of the Genesee 

 country. — New York does not produce wheat enough for its own 

 consumption. — North-east America not a dangerous competitor in 

 the English wheat market. — Upper Canada might for a time success- 

 fully compete with the English farmer. — Duty upon Canadian wheat 

 in the United States ports. — Expected effects of a repeal of this duty. 

 — Made an argument for annexation. — Impoi"tance of the direct trade 

 to Europe by the St LawTence. — Erie Canal ; its length, and that of its 

 branches. — Amount of traffic and revenue. — Number of emigrants 

 from different countries. — Cost of passage from New York to Lake 

 Erie. — Influence of the New England States on the development of 

 the new States. — Democratic party in the United States. — Principles 

 of the Old Hunkers and the Barnburners. — Forest and half cleared 

 land on approaching Buffalo. — Speculator's in land. 



Sept. 15. — At seven In the morning I was at the rail- 

 way station to take my departure for Buffalo. I here 

 encountered one of those embarrassing mes-entendres 

 which are unavoidable when travelling among people who 

 will use old words in new senses. I was introduced to 



