WESTERN NEW YORK. . 211 



far more productive, as a whole, than It is now. But by 

 that time a larger home population also will have arisen 

 to consume it, while the very introduction of more 

 generous and more artificial forms of culture will add to 

 the cost of production on the whole. So that, even when 

 such better agricultural times arrive in this region, the 

 English farmer will still, in my opinion, have little to 

 fear from this quarter of the American continent. He 

 may find here new Lothians and Norfolks and Lin- 

 colnshires, and a reproduction of the best farmers of all 

 these districts — their very sons and grandsons, in fact, 

 settled on American farms ; but I do not expect he 

 will ever, in ordinary seasons, have reason to look upon 

 them with bitter feelings, as so rivalling him in the 

 British wheat market as to lessen his own home profits, 

 or seriously to diminish the comforts of his family. 



Were Upper Canada seriously to turn her thoughts to 

 the reasonable development of her material interests, 

 she ought to become, for a while, the most formidable 

 American competitor of the English farmer, in the home 

 markets. 



The duty upon Canadian wheat on entering the States 

 is 20 per cent. This, as is well known, is loudly com- 

 plained of, and it is desirable that it should be removed, 

 on the broad principle of abolishing restrictions upon 

 commerce — if not for those special reasons which our 

 North American colonies put forward most strongly. 

 But notwithstanding this duty, the Rochester millers 

 cross the lake, buy the Canadian wheat at Toronto, pay 

 the freight across, and the 20 per cent duty, and after 

 all, make a profit on their flour in New York. Is this 

 first-class flour with the Genesee brand made for the 

 home market only — to suit a special American taste — and 

 is a higher price given to the Rochester millers on this 

 account ? If so, one could understand why, with the view 

 of manufacturing for this special market, the Rochester 



