INDEX 



Selaginella, 132 ; archegonium, 137; embryo 

 137; female gametophyte, 136; habit, 

 133; sporangia, 134; spores, 135. 



Selection, variable, 307. 



Selective action, 307. 



Sensitive plants, 429. 



Sepal, 232. 



Seta, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 113, 116, 120. 



Shoot, permeable regions of, 311. 



Sieve plates, 242, 243. 



Sieve vessels, 242, 243; role, 394. 



Silphium, fertilization, 26q; male gameto- 

 phyte, 267; microsporangium, 258. 



Siphonales, 3s ', conclusions, 37. 



Siphonostele, 133 ; amphiphloic, 157, 160; 

 ectophloic, 157, 162. 



Sleep movements, 455. 



Soil, 312; capacity for water, 313 ; effect of 

 roots, 315 ; water of, 313. 



Solids, 302. 



Solutes, 303 ; entry of, 316 ; natural, 303. 



Solution, 300, 303. 



Solvent, 303. 



Soredia, 79. 



Sorus, 156, 163, 165. 



Spadix, 277. 



Spathe, 277. 



Spectrum, absorption, 368, 36Q. 



Sperms, 17 ; thallophytes, 18, iq, 28, 30, 36, 

 43, 50, 52, 56; bryophytes, 92, 95, 102, 

 112, 117; pteridophytes, 128, 12Q, 135, 

 140, 148, 167, 178, 444; gymnosperms, 

 iqq, 201, 211. 



Spermatium, red algae, 56 ; rusts, 83. 



Spermatophytes, 180. 



Spermatozoid, 17, 56. 



Spermogonium, lichens, 79 ; rusts, 83. 



Sphacelaria, 46. 



Sphaerella, 15. 



Sphaerocarpus, 105. 



Sphaeroplea, 27, 28. 



Sphaerotheca, 75. 



Sphagnales, no; conclusions, 114. 



Sphagnum, antheridia, 112; archegonia, 

 11 3; gametophyte, in; habit, 112, 113; 

 leaf, 111; sporophytes, 113, 114. 



Sphenophy Hales, 143. 



Sphenophyllum, 143. 



Spiral vessels, 241, 243. 



Spirillum, //. 



Spongy region, leaf, 250, 251. 



Sporangiophore, 143, 146, 333. 



Sporangium, 3 ; thallophytes, 3, 27, 45, 58, 

 50, 67, 68; pteridophytes, 125, 126, 133, 

 1 34, 130, 142, 143, 144, 146, 152, 153, 156, 

 157, 160, 16 3, 164, 165, 352. 



Spores, 3, 16, 62, 147. 



Sporidia, 83. 



Sporocarp, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177. 



Sporogonium, 95. 



Sporophores, 62. 



Sporophylls, 122. 



Sporophyte, 32 ; thallophytes, 32, 60, 84 

 bryophytes, 92, 95, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103 

 104, 105, 108, ioq, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118 

 iiq, 120; pteridophytes, 122, 132, 138 

 143, 149, 156, 171, 176; gymnosperms, 181. 



• 185, 191, 203, 207, 213, 220, 229. 



Spirogyra, 59. 



Sprout chains, yeast, 70, 71. 



Squirting fungus, 68. 



Stalk cell, 200. 



Stamens, 183, 184, 186, 187, IQ5, 205, 208, 

 213, 214, 220, 221, 230, 231, 252, 253, 256, 

 257- 



Staminodia, 281. 



Starch, 358, 375, 389. 



Starch grain, 38Q. 



Statolith theory, 464. 



Stegocarpae, 121. 



Stele, 124, 239, 241. 



Stem, angiosperms, 239. 



Stemonitis, 3. 



Sterigmata, 80, Sq. 



Stigeoclonium, 26. 



Stigma, 260. 



Stigmatomyces, 78. 



Stigonema, 10. 



Stimulus, 426 ; chemical, 438 ; formative, 

 435 ; mechanical, 439 ; morphogenic, 435 ; 

 tonic, 449. 



Stink horns, 91. 



Stipe, mushroom, 87. 



Stomata, 109, 146, 250, 251, 319, 320, 327 ; 

 regulation of, 327. 



Stomium, 164. 



Stoneworts, 41. 



Storage, 388. 



Straightening, twiners, 469. 



Strains, sexual, 68. 



Streaming, 444, 451. 



Strobilus, 122 ; pteridophytes, 124, 132, 133, 

 144; gymnosperms, 186, 187, 188, i8q, 

 IQ2, IQ3, IQ5, iq6, 204, 205, 206, 208, 20Q, 



213, 214, 220, 221, 222, 228, 22Q, 230, 231, 



232; theory of, 123. 

 Stroma, chloroplasts, 367 ; fungi, 76, 77. 

 Style, 260. 



Substratum, fungi, 61. 

 Sugar, 390; cane, 359; fruit, 359; grape, 



359- 

 Sulfur, source of, 379. 

 Summation, 432, 462. 

 Sundew, 387, 454. 

 Sunflower, nutation, 424. 

 Suspensor, angiosperms, 271, 272, 273, 274; 



