SYMPTOMS, COURSE, AND COMPLICATIONS. 61 



, with the fiict that one of the most noticeable of these enteric 

 symptoms or comphcations is evidently connected with the 

 special functions of the liver, as to have caused many observers 

 to give the name of Bilious fever to this particular form or 

 development of mfluenza. 



However, it is probably as well, if not better, instead of 

 considering such a manifestation as a distinctive and separate 

 disease, to regard it as a form or modification of the malady 

 in the same way, and for similar reasons, that we have preferred 

 to regard what some have specialized by the names of epizootic 

 cellulitis and epizootic pleuro-pneumonia as only forms, 

 modifications, or types of this specific fever of the horse. 



As already remarked, abdominal complications are found to 

 follow some pr>monitory catarrhal symptoms, the two con- 

 tinuing in association through the course of the disease, only 

 that the former bear the ascendency, give the affection its 

 speciality or type, and possess the determining influence on 

 the result. 



The first observable change of symptoms from such as 

 accompany an ordinary catarrhal disturbance is fugitive 

 abdominal pain ; the horse is restless, inclined to paw, as in 

 colic, and strike at his belly with his hind feet, though not in 

 a violent manner. Or these more pronounced manifestations 

 not being present, we may notice that, although previously 

 not disposed to lie down, he is now found repeatedly resting, 

 but evidently not at ease ; that when do^vn he turns his head 

 in an anxious manner towards the flank ; at such times the 

 respirations may be disturbed, and clammy sweats bedew the 

 body in patches. 



The conjunctival and buccal membranes assume a yellow, 

 or saffron tinge, and the tongue is furred, dry, and shrunken in 

 appearance ; the evacuations from the bowels scanty, wanting 

 colour, hard, pellety, and coated with mucus. The urine is 

 small in amount, increased in density, and coloured with 

 pigmentary matter and mucus. There is no appetite, but 

 considerable thirst when not actually suffering pain. Mani- 

 pulatory examination over the surface of the body in such 

 cases will often disclose tenderness of the abdomen, markedly 

 in some over the region of the liver. The pulse varies from a 

 slight increase in frequency and loss of tone to an increase of 



