SYMPTOMS OF ANTHRAX. 199 



Anthrax proper, in both horses and cattle, is more uniform, 

 and possesses greater similarity in symptoms than we find 

 existing between anthrax proper and glossanthrax of either 

 animal ; and at the present stage of pathological research we 

 have some hesitancy in placing them both under the common 

 heading, more especially after having, when speaking generally 

 of the disease, endeavoured to show the close connection 

 between certain organisms and the pathology of anthrax. How- 

 ever, with some reservations which we think future investigation 

 may remove, we propose describing them in the same chapter, 

 though in our present knowledge it were perhaps preferable to 

 class them separately as anthrax proper and anthracoid diseases. 

 We shall follow the course before suggested, and recognise — 



1. Anthrax proper as a general blood disorder, tuithout ex- 

 ternal and readily appreciable local manifestations, and 

 knoiun to be connected luith hoiinal parasitism. 2. Anthrax 

 as a blood disease, with external and readily discernible mani- 

 festations, which probably, until we possess more definite in- 

 forrtiation respecting its pathology, and especially CBtiology, 

 should be classed as 'anthracoid.' 



Of the features which may safely be regarded as common to 

 anthrax in all animals, and in every form of its manifestation, 

 the chief are obvious — physical and chemical changes in con- 

 nection with the blood, which in character is viscid, in 

 colour darker than natural. The relation of the blood and its 

 conduits is also much deranged, so that the latter cannot 

 perform their function, and there is leakage. All signs in 

 our patients which will convey a knowledge of these facts 

 must therefore be taken as generic symptoms. 



1. Symptoms of Anthrax Proper, Anthrax Fever, Acute Anthrax 

 in the Horse, Apoplectic Anthrax, etc. — The period which may 

 elapse after the reception of the infecting agent or virus, 

 according to most observers, is rarely uniform, even when this 

 may be calculated in inoculated cases. Probably it may be 

 set down in the horse and larger animals at from a few hours 

 to three or four days. 



Of the very acute or truly apoplectic form the occurrence in 

 the horse is not common, certainly in Great Britain a rare 

 form of the disease. From those records we possess of the 

 symptoms indicative of acute anthrax in the horse, it would 



