NEPHRITIS — INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS. 729 



exist in ordinary colic. The straining and attempts to urinate 

 Avhich botli affections may exhibit, proceeding from different 

 causes, may with httle trouble be differentiated. In nephritis 

 small quantities of urine may be discharged from a bladder 

 empty, or nearly so, and when voided it is found much altered 

 in colour or mingled with blood; in bowel disturbances, although 

 there may be straining and attempts at urination, the bladder 

 is more frequently full than otherwise, the urine being dis- 

 charged when the spasm is relieved. In this form of nephritic 

 disturbance the condition of the urine, when it may be obtained 

 — it being generally scanty from the failure of the secretion — is 

 less regularly albuminous, particularly in the earlier stages, than 

 in those other forms we have noticed. 



Besides the exhibition of colicky pains and much fever, with 

 a rather frequent and hard pulse, there is indisposition to move, 

 with a certain evidence of pain when movement is attempted, 

 manipulation over the region of the kidneys is badly borne 

 and provocative of a similar expression of uneasiness. 



Suppuration and Abscesses. — Although the inflammatory 

 process, when occurring in an active form in the general struc- 

 tures of the kidney of the horse, appears more likely after a 

 time to subside, and restoration of normal activity to occur, or 

 if continued to terminate in fibroid, fatty, or other changes, we 

 yet occasionally encounter well-marked instances of renal 

 abscesses, which, when occurring, I have always found termi- 

 nating fatally ; or rather it would be more correct to say, their 

 existence was only discovered after death. 



The last case which I had an opportunity of observmg was 

 that of a six-year-old, well bred, good-conditioned gelding. He 

 was left in our infirmary because of urinary disturbance, which 

 had existed for a week. Sometime previous to this period he 

 was believed to have sprained his loins by shpping on the 

 damp pavement, since then he had regularly, during the day, 

 after frequent attempts, voided a moderate quantity of urine 

 mingled with blood ; his appetite and general health, at first 

 good enough, were now somewhat affected, and his abihty to 

 do work was evidently impaired. After remaining at rest some 

 hours, examination indicated a slightly increased cardiac action, 

 with pulsations at the arteries rather small, temperature 

 108° F., desire for food and water moderate, particularly the 



