730 DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS. 



former. Placed under observation at 2 p.m., he twice, between 

 that time and 12 p.m., passed a moderate amount of urine, 

 standing stretched both before and after the discharge; on 

 both occasions there would probably be half a pint of pure 

 blood mingled with the discharge, this coagulated nearly 

 entirely on reaching the ground, and was of a rather bright red 

 colour. Pressure over the loins and through the rectum, in 

 the direction of the kidneys, was attended with pain. He 

 c'ontinued to live and to void urine of the same character for 

 forty-eight hours, when he died without exhibiting much pain. 

 The kidneys were the only organs exhibiting structural change. 

 Both externally seemed slightly darker in colour than natural : 

 the right, on being laid open in the direction of the long axis, 

 was somewhat congested throughout its entire extent, and 

 blood flowed freely from the cut surfaces ; the left, softer and 

 less resistant to the touch, on being cut in the same manner 

 disclosed a considerable abscess, which had either burst 

 immediately before or at the time of death, communicating 

 with the cavity of the renal pelvis. No pus had, during life, 

 been observed in the urine. 



Treatment. — The disturbances of function, and the structural 

 changes occurring in the parenchyma of the kidneys, the result 

 of fatigue, exposure, and cold, usually attended with full 

 arterial and cardiac action, stand depletion well, and seem 

 relieved by it ; those directly resulting from outward violence 

 are less favourably acted upon by blood-letting. In every 

 instance, however, whether blood is abstracted or not, the 

 indications are undoubtedly in the direction of giving to the 

 structures affected as large a proportion of rest as possible; 

 this is most surely done by throwing the removal of the waste 

 and worn material of the body, ordinarily removed by the 

 kidneys, on the intestinal canal and the skin. As the skin in the 

 horse, apart from exercise, is of small service in this direction, 

 the main source of relief is through the bowels. 



Moderate purgation, through means of aloes or oil, which, 

 when obtained, is to be kept up by regular quantities of salines 

 given with mucilaginous drinks, is the mode of inducing in- 

 testinal action I have found most benefit from. When pain is 

 a prominent feature it will be needful to administer repeatedly, 

 in moderate amount, some preparation of opium, cither alone 



