XEPHRITIS — INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS. 731 



or combined with the oil or mucilage used for drinking, or 

 Avhat is probably better, with full doses of solution of acetate 

 of ammonia. With the same object in view I have employed 

 continuous applications of woollen cloths wrung from warm 

 water, or large linseed-meal poultices placed over the loins, 

 persevered with until relief is obtained. The warm water or 

 the poultices will, in many instances, have their beneficial 

 action augmented b}^ being medicated with opium, bella- 

 donna, or digitalis ; the latter, it has been repeatedly demon- 

 strated, having a special action in reducing ischuria. AVhen 

 the poultices or warm-Avater applications are discontinued, 

 either entirely or for a short time, care must be exercised to 

 protect the parts from the injurious effects of the reaction of 

 cold ; Avhile, so long as pain continues and the urine is 

 abnormal, the horse should be closely confined to the stable and 

 moderately dieted. On the subsidence of the more active 

 symptoms moderate doses of dilute sulphuric acid with 

 sulphate of iron, or some preparation of quinine and iron, will 

 be found productive of much benefit in restoring function al 

 activity, both local and general. 



CHAPTER LIII. 



DISEASES OF THE BLADDER. 



I. Irritability of the Bladder. 



This is a term somewhat abused and rather indefinite ; it is 

 usually employed to indicate what is believed to be a disturbed 

 condition of the bladder, exhibited by frequent and continued 

 micturition. 



Pathology, a. Causation. — This irritability, or frequency of 

 micturition, may proceed from causes other than are located 

 in the bladder, and therefore ought properly not to be termed 

 irritability of the bladder. It is found associated with renal 

 disease, with changes occurring to the uterus, with disturbance 

 apart from inflammation of the bladder, with similar changes 

 of the urethra, with enlargements of the prostates, and with 

 disease of contiguous organs. It is sometimes spoken of as 



