CROUPOUS BRONCHITIS IN CATTI.E AND SHEEP. 



Causes, smoke, hot air or gas, irritant inhalations, concomitant of in- 

 fectious diseases. Lesions, intense congestion covered by fibrinous exu- 

 dates. Symptoms, slowly or suddenly developed, fever, loud, wheezing, 

 stertorous, panting breathing, dyspncea, dry rales and blowing. Course- 

 Treatment, moist jacket, soothing, expectorant, stimulant inhalations, ex- 

 pectorants, derivatives. 



This affection has been found in cattle and sheep from exposure 

 to smoke, hot air or gas, and other irritants, and even from ex- 

 posure to cold, and without any suspicion of a contagious ele- 

 ment. Again it has been seen as a complication in Rinderpest, 

 lung plague and malignant catarrh. The lesions are those of 

 tumefaction and extreme arborescent redness of the mucosa, and 

 the formation of patches of a dense fibrinous exudate of a yel- 

 lowish color, in .some cases completely obstructing some of the 

 smaller tubes. 



Symptoms. The attack may come on slowly as in ordinary 

 bronchitis, while in other cases it is sudden. The respiration be- 

 ing loud, wheezing, stertorous and panting and general dyspoena 

 supervening. Auscultation furnishes loud, blowing sounds, dry 

 rales and rouchi, while percussion may show no abnormal change. 

 A .strong tremor is felt by the hand on the trachea, and after a 

 paroxysm of coughing false membranes may be expelled. If 

 there is no improvement by the .second or third day death is liable 

 to supervene by asphyxia. 



Treatment is usually unsatisfactory. The hot, moist jacket, 

 inhalations of vapors of warm water, of carbonate of ammonia, 

 and of ether may be tried, counter-irritants to the chest, and in- 

 ternally liquor ammonia acetatis and iodide of .sodium would be 

 indicated. When the membranes are somewhat loo.sened pilo- 

 carpin, or in weaker subjects apomorphine may a.ssist their ex- 

 pulsion. 



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