228 Veterinary Medicine. 



to be met by active rubbing with the hand or with wisps of drj' 

 hay and then wrapping up loosely in flannel bandages. Some ap- 

 ply to the limbs ammonia and oil, spirits of turpentine, and other 

 stinmlants and thus by a powerful derivative action obtain an al- 

 leviation of the lung symptoms. For the same reason a mustard 

 poultice on the chest, or the hot wet rugs recommended for con- 

 gested lungs, often prove valuable in the earlier stages. Large 

 injections of warm water and the supply of warm gruels are not 

 to be neglected when they can be employed. Measures such as 

 these directed to check any chill aud render the circulation free 

 and uniform in the skin and extremities, if adopted during the 

 cold stages of the fever, will sometimes succeed in bringing about 

 a resolution of the pulmonary congestion and warding off a threat- 

 ened attack of pneumonia. 



The diet should be of a non-stimulating and laxative kind. 

 Bran mashes, linseed, oatmeal, or other gruels, carrots, turnips, 

 scalded hay, or green food, if at the proper season, should be 

 given in small quantities so as not to satiate. 



Antiphlogistic Treatment. Half a century ago bloodletting was 

 considered the remedy /ar excellence for pneumonia and it seemed 

 justified by the marked relief to breathing and pulse which 

 usually at once followed a free bleeding. In a short time, how- 

 ever, the fever would rise anew and the distressing symptoms re- 

 appear, which led the school of Broussais to repeat the bleeding, 

 coup sur coup, as often as the exacerbation appeared. There was 

 no respite for either age or condition, the debilitated city toiler, 

 the babe at the breast, and man of eighty tottering into the grave 

 had alike to submit to the lancet, and when the oppressive symp- 

 toms returned, the blood had to flow anew. Broussais himself, 

 however, recognized his error in his later life, and remarkably 

 enough, his conversion was effected through veterinary practice. 

 His two carriage horses were successively attacked by pneumonia : 

 the first was treated by bleeding coup sur coup and recovered : the 

 second was put under a more conservative treatment and also got 

 well, but while the first remained soft, flabby, debilitated and sus- 

 ceptible for a length of time, the second was on convalescence at 

 once able to go into active work. The enormous abuse of bleed- 

 ing, led to its more complete abandonment than would otherwise 

 have been probable, and the contrast between the high mortality 



