Pleurisy in Cattle. 253 



ternally. Unless the good effects are shown in a day or two it 

 may well be abandoned. 



When effusion becomes dangerous through excess, and in ad- 

 vanced cases when it fails to yield to medicinal measures thora- 

 centesis is called for. (See under hydrothorax.) 



PLEURISY IN CATTLE, 



Milch cows and work oxen most liable. Causes. Damp buildings and 

 locations, sudden transitions from heat to cold, exposure when fatigued, etc. 

 Symptoms, rigor, reaction, cold horns and limbs, later hot, excited pulse, 

 catchingbreathing, hyperthermia, 104° to 105°, tender chine and intercostals, 

 friction sound, later dulness, creaking, weaker murmur, subacute cases 

 often tuberculous, effusion unilateral, chronic cases. Lesions, as in horse 

 with superficial marbling of lung. Treatment, laxative, warm drink, 

 compresses, derivatives, sedatives, diuretics, heart tonics, diuretics, 

 thoracentesis. 



This is not common in young growing cattle, but is more 

 frequent in milch cows and work oxen. It is due to the same 

 causes as in the horse, and especially to chills when heated, 

 damp buildings and locations, cold draughts between open windows 

 or doors, and cold storms. The greatest danger comes from 

 hot, close stables, like many distiller}^ stables, approximating to 

 the temperature of the animal body and from which the stock are 

 suddenly turned out of doors, or shipped by car or boat with a 

 temperature near zero, and above all if furnished ice water to 

 drink. Such animals taking no exercise to increase the circu- 

 lation and heat, are especially liable to shiver and contract illness. 

 Rigors too are easily induced in animals .standing in hot buildings, 

 when, in connection with the cleaning, an adjacent door is thrown 

 wide open or two on opposite sides of the house. Working oxen 

 heated with exerci.se and then exposed to extreme cold and com- 

 pulsory inaction are endangered. 



Symptoms. The attack is manifested by the same general 

 symptoms as in the horse. The rigors are often very well marked, 

 especially over the shoulder ; the tenderness of the chine and 

 intercostal spaces is striking ; the breathing is catching but there 



