368 Veterinary Medicine. 



after severe haemorrhages the}' escape more rapidl}^ probabh- from 

 both spleen and marrow, and appear in the blood, even of the 

 adult, of the gigantic size and nucleated appearance of the embry- 

 onic red globule. 



The white blood globules (leucocytes) are spherical, about 

 twice as large as the red globules, and are readily divisible by tlie 

 acid eosin stain into two kinds : ist. Cells which are deeply 

 stained by eosin — eosinophile ; and 2d. Cells that do not take on 

 the eosin stain —neutrophile (Ehrlich). 



Howells further divides these white globules into uninuclear 

 and multinuclear. Of the uninucleated he describes three varie- 

 ties : a. The lymphocyte which is non-granular and without amoe- 

 boid movement ; b. The granular cell with a plotoplasmic envel- 

 ope and amoeboid movement ; and c. The granular with strap- 

 shaped, horseshoe or spiral nucleus. Like Lovet he considers 

 the multinucleated as on the way to disintegration. 



We cannot as yet speak with confidence of the pathological .sig- 

 nificance of these respective forms of white globules, but they in- 

 crease greatly in numbers in connection with certain diseases of 

 lymph plexus, and glands, of the spleen and other blood glands, 

 and in foci of inflammation, and they perform most important 

 functions in connection with the resistance of microbian invasion 

 and in elaborating the antitoxines which confer immunity from 

 second attacks. 



The next form of blood solids are the blood-plates of Bizzozero, 

 the haematoblasts of Hayem. These are nucleated (Semmer) dis- 

 coid, le.ss than half the diameter of the red globules, and cluster 

 together in granule masses when the blood is drawn. Their true 

 significance is uncertain though it has been .surmised that they are 

 intermediate corpuscles (Semmer), that they are the disintegrated 

 nuclei of the leucocytes, and that they furnish paraglobulin to the 

 circulating blood (Schmidt, Howell). 



The liver is one centre for the destruction of red blood globules 

 and in the blood of the hepatic vein there may be a reduction of 

 a million to a million and a half of red globules per cubic centime- 

 ter, as compared with the portal vein. 



Malassez gives 4,500,000 as the number of globules in a cubic 

 miUimeter of blood (dog and horse 7,500,000, Nocard). The 

 white globules are to the red in the proportion of about i to 300 



