116 



SKELETON OF THE OX 



The orbital wing is thick and is overlapped by the frontal in such manner as to 

 appear externally to divide into two branches; the anterior part joins the ethmoid 

 close to the sphenopalatine foramen, and contains a small sinus which communi- 

 cates with an ethmoidal meatus. The temporal wing is small, but forms a promi- 

 nent thick pterygoid crest. The pterygoid process is wide, and the pterygoid or 

 alar foramen is absent. The sphenoidal sinus is absent in the calf and small in 



Fig. 89. — Skull and Atlas of Ox, Lateral View. 

 9, Zygomatic arch; 11, eoronoid process; 13, supraorbital process; IS", paramastoid or styloid process; 

 13"', occipital condyle; 14, parietal bone; 15, frontal bone; 16, squamous temporal bone; 17, external audi- 

 tory meatus; 18, temporal condyle; 19, orbital surface of lacrimal bone; SO, malar bone; SI, facial surface of 

 lacrimal bone; ^^, nasal bone; ^3, nasal process of premaxilla; 24', incisor teeth; 26, maxilla; ^7, facial tuber- 

 osity; infraorbital foramen in front of ^7;' S8' , molar part of ramus of mandible; SO, broad vertical part of ramus; 

 SO', angle of jaw; 31, condyle of mandible; 32, atlas; x, wing of atlas. (After EUenberger-Baum, Anat. fiir 

 Kiinstler.) 



the adult; it communicates by one or two small openings with an ethmoidal meatus, 

 and so with the nasal cavity. 



The ethmoid bone has an extensive perpendicular plate. The lateral mass 

 consists of five endoturliinals and eighteen ectoturbinals (Paulli). The largest 

 ethmoturbinal is so extensive as to be termed a third or middle turbinal loone; it 

 projects forward between the upper and lower turbinals. The lamina papyracea 

 appears to a small extent externally in the pterygo-palatine fossa, forming part 

 of the upper margin of the sphenopalatine foramen. 



The interparietals are primitively paired, but unite before birth. As already 



