BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB 



149 



attachment of the round ligament. The neck is distinct. The trochanter major, 

 although massive, does not extend up as high as the head. The trochanteric 

 ridge and fossa resemble those of the ox. The external (third) trochanter is absent. 

 The ridges of the trochlea are similar and almost sagittal. 



The shaft of the tibia is slightly curved, convex internally. The tuberosity 

 is grooved in front, and a narrow sulcus separates it from the external condyle. 

 The facet for the fibula is on the posterior border of the latter, and is bounded 

 internally by an eminence. The upper part of the crest is very prominent and 

 curves outward. The distal end resembles in general that of the ox, but is rela- 

 tively narrower transversely and thicker from before backward. 



The fibula extends the entire length of the region, and is separated from the 

 tibia by a wide interosseous space. The shaft is flattened from side to side; 

 the proximal part is wide and deeply grooved externally ; the lower part is narrower 

 and thicker. The proximal end is flattened, grooved externally, and articulates 

 internally with the external condyle of the tibia. The distal end forms the external 

 malleolus. It is grooved 

 externally, and articulates 

 with the tibia and tibial 

 tarsal internally, with the 

 fibular tarsal bone dis- 

 tally. 



The patella is very 

 much compressed laterally 

 and presents three sur- 

 faces. 



The tarsus comprises 

 seven bones. The tibial 

 and the fil)ular tarsal re- 

 semble in general those of 

 the ox. The axis of the 

 tibial is, however, slightly 

 oblique downward and in- 

 ward, and its distal end 

 bears a double trochlea for 

 articulation with the cen- 

 tral and fourth tarsals. 

 The tuber calcis is deeply 

 grooved posteriorly. The 



central tarsal is narrow transversely and thick. Its proximal surface is deeply 

 concave, and the posterior bears a large tubercle. The first tarsal is high and 

 narrow; it articulates with the central and second tarsals and the second metatarsal 

 bone. The second tarsal is small and somewhat prismatic; it articulates with 

 the central above, the third in front, the first behind, and the second and third 

 metatarsals below. The third tarsal is much larger, and is compressed from above 

 downward, wide in front, narrow behind. It articulates with the central tarsal 

 aljove, the third metatarsal below, the second tarsal internally, and the fourth tarsal 

 externally. The fourth tarsal is large. Its external face is crossed by an oblique 

 groove for the tendon of the peroneus longus. The internal surface articulates 

 with the central and third tarsals. The proximal surface supports the tibial and 

 fibular tarsal bones, and the distal surface rests on the fourth and fifth metatarsals. 

 It ossifies from two centers. 



The four metatarsal bones r(>soml)!e the corresponding bones of the fore limb, 

 but are somewhat longer. The proximal ends of the third and fourth each have a 

 considerable projection behind; the process on the third has a facet for articulation 



Fig. 114. — Cox.\l Bones of Pig, Left Posterior View. 

 a. Wing, 6, shaft, c, external angle, d, anterior border, e, internal 

 angle, /, gluteal line of ilium; g, great sciatic notch; /(, smooth, i, rough 

 part of ventral surface of ilium; k, psoas tubercle; /, ilio-pectineal emi- 

 nence; m, acetabular branch, n, symphyseal branch of pubis; o, obtur- 

 ator foramen; p, p', ischium; q, q', tuber ischii; r, symphysis; s, ischial 

 aich; t, t', superior ischiatic spine; n, acetabulum; r, epiphyseal line. 

 (Ellenberger-Baum, Anat. d. Haustiere.) 



