MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC LIMB 



329 



the lateral extensor over the external malleolus of the tibia, and ends on the 

 proximal end of the fifth metatarsal bone. 



The soleus is al)sent. (It is present and large in the cat.) 



The gastrocnemius arises on the rough lines al)Ove the condyles of the femur. 

 The heads of origin each contain a bone about the 

 size of a pea — the sesamoid of Vesal — which articu- 

 lates with the corresponding condyle of the femur. 

 The tendon comports itself as in the horse. 



The superficial digital flexor has a large round j^, ' ^^^ 



bell3^ It arises in connnon with the outer head of ^^ 'jt 



the gastrocnemius from the external rough line and 

 Vesalian sesamoid bone, and from the aponeurosis K/^ 



of the vastus externus. The tendon winds around m.: if 



that of the gastrocnemius, passes over the tuber p' ■:id, "' 



calcis (where it is arranged as in the horse), and 

 divides below the tarsus into two branches. Each 

 of these divides into two ])ranches which end as in c- 



the fore limb. The outer and inner branches detach 

 slips to the suspensory ligaments of the large digital // 



pad. Muscle-fibers often occur in the tendon in the ,j 7/ 



metatarsal region. ,. 



The deep digital flexor has two heads. The 

 large outer head, the flexor hallucis longus, arises 

 from the tibia anil fibula, filling the interosseous *^ '^^ 



space. The small inner head, flexor digitalis pedis 9. 

 longus, also arises from the tibia and fibula, its tendon V^i^wV '^ 



joining that of the large head below the tarsus. The q..--\t\W»l....J- 



common tendon detaches a branch to the large digital 

 pad and terminates as in the fore limb. /- 



The tibialis posterior is a small but distinct ^,^ %\;'U\ 



muscle, which arises on the proximal part of the »'nv\\ h' 



fibula. The thin tendon accompanies that of the lliTOv^ i^' 



flexor longus and ends on the internal lateral liga- W'sk^VHi-^ 



ment of the tarsus. 



The tendon of the popliteus contains a small Cf^} -^ 



sesamoid bone. ^tj^^^^ 



The adductors of the second and fifth digits, the ^^ 



lumbricales, and the interossei are arranged as in the ^^°- 237.— muscles of leg and 



,, . ,. , Foot of Dog, External 



thoracic hmb. View. 



The quadratus plantae arises on the outer surface a. Quadriceps femoris; 6, gas- 



of the distal end of the fibular tarsal bone and on the trocnemius, external head; c, super- 



1,1, ii- , 1 II* 1 ficial digital flexor; d, deep digital 



lateral tarsal ligament, passes downward and inward, ^^^^^. ^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^. ^ ^^^_ 

 and terminates on a thin tendon which fuses with don of lateral extensor; 3, peroneus 



that of the deep flexor. brevis; h, long or anterior digital 



rr-ii 1 t ^ 1- •!• • i« • 11 1 extensor; /(', /t", ^"', tendons of pre- 



The abductor dlgltl qUintl is a very small muscle ceding; ,, tibialis anterior; a, exten- 



which consists of two parts. One of these is a ten- .sorbrevis; /.slips from interossei (m); 



dinOUS slip which extends from the posterior surface ^.external condyle of femur; ^, pa- 



. , f ^ r•^ ^ i i tella; 5, tibia: 4, tuber calcis; 5, ff, an- 



Ot the proximal part of the fibular tarsal bone to the nnlar ligaments. (After Ellenberger, 



head of the fifth metatarsal bone; the other part in Leisering-s Atias.) 



arises from the inner surface of the fibular tarsal 



bone (or from the tendinous part) and ends on the first phalanx of the fifth digit. 



In case the skeleton of the first digit is well developed, there are found three 

 muscles homologous with those of the same digit in the fore limb. These are the 

 abductor hallucis, adductor hallucis, and flexor hallucis brevis. 



