638 



CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF THE DOG 



addition to the broncho-ocsophageal, which arises close to or with the sixth inter- 

 costal and ramifies in the usual manner. 



The abdominal aorta, after giving off the external iliac arteries, continues 

 about half an inch to an inch (ca. 1 to 3 cm.) under the last lumbar vertebrae, gives 

 off the internal iliacs, and is continued by the middle sacral artery. This small 

 vessel runs backward under the sacrum and coccygeal vertebrae and gives off 

 branches in segmental fashion. 



The coeliac artery gives off the hepatic artery and forms a short gastro-splenic 

 trunk. The hepatic artery gives off several hepatic branches, and the pyloric or 

 right gastric artery, which passes along the lessc^r curvature of the stomach, anasto- 

 moses with the (left) gastric artery, and is continued by the gastro-duodenal. This 



Fig. 491. — End Branches of Aorta and Radicles of Posterior Vena Cava of Dog. 

 a. Abdominal aorta; b, posterior mesenteric artery; c, lumbar arteries; rf, circumflex iliac artery; e, ex- 

 ternal iliac artery; /, deep femoral artery; y, posterior abdominal artery; h, external pudic artery; o. femoral 

 artery; t, i, internal iliac arteries; A;, visceral branch of r/ /, parietal branch of *; rn, ilio-lumbar artery; n, anterior 

 gluteal artery; o, lateral coccygeal artery; p, posterior gluteal artery; q, umbilical artery; r, middle hemor- 

 rhoidal artery; ^, posterior hsemorrhoidal artery; s, perineal artery; t, art. profunda penis; n, art. bulbi 

 urethras r, art. dorsalis penis; w, middle sacral artery, a', posterior vena cava; other veins are satellites of 

 arteries and correspondingly named; 1, ilio-psoas muscle; 3, tendon of psoas minor; 3, abdominal muscles; 4, 

 sartorius; 5, rectus femoris; 5', vastus internus; 6, pectineiis; 6', adductor; 7, gracilis; 8, symphy.sis pelvis; 9, 

 ilium; iO, pyriformis; ii, gluteus superficialis; 1£, obturator internus; IS, penis; 14, lumbar vertebrae. (After 

 EUenberger, in Leisering's Atlas.) 



divides near the pylorus into right gastro-epiploic and pancreatico-duodenal. 

 The (left) gastric artery passes to the lesser curvature of the stomach and ramifies 

 chiefly on the left part of the stomach, giving off a l)ranch which anastomoses with 

 the pyloric branch of the hepatic. The splenic artery gives off pancreatic branches, 

 and reaches the lower part of the spleen. It gives off the left gastro-epiploic, and 

 a branch which passes to the dorsal end of the spleen, which it supplies, besides 

 giving off twigs to the left extremity of the stomach. 



The anterior mesenteric artery arises close behind the ca?liac. It gives off a 

 common trunk for two colic arteries and the ileo-cffico-colic. The former supply 

 the transverse and the anterior part of the left or descending colon, while the latter 

 divides into branches for the ileum, csecum, and first part of the colon. The trunk 

 is continued as the artery of the small intestine, giving off fourteen to sixteen 



