martin: some pueblo ruins. 19 



telejo. Superstition was, from all indications, the cause of this 

 hasty movement." In a foot note he adds : "This flight of the 

 Indians of the Picuries to the Quartelejo is mentioned in sev- 

 eral documents. I quote here only the witchcraft trial, entitled 

 'Causa Criminal contra Geronimo Dirucaca, Indio del Pueblo 

 de Picuris,' 1713, MS., fol. 16, 17. The same document also 

 fixes the date. In regard to the return from Quartelejo, it was 

 effected in 1706 by Sargente Mayor Juan de Uribarri." 



For some reason or other there appears to be a conflict as to 

 the exact date of the settlement of the Indians at Quartelejo, 

 yet both the above writers agree that the return to Mexico was 

 effected in 1706. This would indicate clearly that both Ban- 

 croft and Bandelier were writing about the movements of one 

 and the same band of Indians. Furthermore, it does not ap- 

 pear credible that the governor of New Spain would have al- 

 lowed these discontented Indians to have stayed at Quartelejo 

 from 1650 until 1704, a period extending over fifty years, with- 

 out an effort being made to effect their return, and in all prob- 

 ability Bandelier's date of the founding of this isolated pueblo 

 in 1704 is the more correct. 



He further states that "in all probabilities the place got its 

 name from the fact that these Picuries Indians made a tempo- 

 rary stay there." This is also intimated by Fray Silvestre 

 Valez de Escalante in his letter to Father Agustin Morfi, April 

 2, 1778. After the evacuation of the pueblo in 1706 at the in- 

 stance of Uribarri, another band of friendly Indians must have 

 taken possession of and occupied the place for a number of 

 years, for from Bandelier we learn that in 1719 Governor 

 Don Antoni Valverde Cossio, having determined upon a cam- 

 paign into the north and northeastern plains (a movement 

 made chiefly against the Yutes and such of the Comanches as 

 had joined them), penetrated as far as the Quartelejo, and 

 even beyond. A part of Valverde's object was to secure the 

 rancherias of the Jacarrilas against their foes. Part of these 

 friendly Apaches lived at Jacarrila, forty leagues north of 

 Santa Fe, and another band lived at Quartelejo. Again, we 

 find that in the following year, 1720, Don Pedro de Villazur 

 called at this pueblo on his ill-fated trip to the Pawnee village 

 which is supposed to have been located on the Platte river, 

 when all perished at the hands of the treacherous Indians. 

 After this I have been unable to find the place mentioned by 

 any other writers of early southwestern history. And it is 



