i6o 



NATURE 



[March 31, 192 1 



Diary of Societies. 



THURSDAY, Makch 31. 



Institute of Metals (at Shaftesbury Hotel, Great St. Andrew 

 Street, W.C.2;, at 8. — S. L. Archbutt : Aluminium Alloys. 

 FRIDAY, APRii 1. 



Royal Society of Mebici.vk (Laryngology Section), at 4.45. 



BorAL SociETr of Medicine (Ansesthetics Section), at 8.30.— Dr. 

 R. L. M. Wallis and Dr. C. L. Hewer : A New General Ansesthetio : 

 Its Theory and Practice. 



SATURDAY. Apbii, 2. 



Gilbert White Fellowship (at 6 Queen Square, . W.C.I), at 3.— 

 Sir David Praia: Natural History (Presidential Address). 

 MONDAY, April 4. 



Victoria Institute (at Central Buildings, Westminster), at 4.30.— 

 W. Hoste : Ketichism in Central Africa and elsewhere. 



SociEir OF Engineuis (at Geological Society), at 5.30.— Lieut. J. C. 

 Ferguson : The Motor-car Pneumatic Tyre. 



Royal Institute of Bbitisu Architects, at 8. — Sir Lawrence 

 Weaver : The Land Settlement Building Work of the Ministry of 

 Agriculture and Fisheries. 



Aristotelian Society (at University of London Club, 21 Gower 

 Street), at 8.— Prof. J. Laird, Dr. G. F. Moore, Prof. C. D. 



• Broad, and Prof. G. Dawes Hicks : Symposium on The Character 

 of Cognitive Acts. 



Society of Chemical Industry (London Section) (at Chemical 

 Society), at 8. 



Royal Geogbaphical Society (at ^oliau Hall), at 8.30.— A. W. 

 Gomme : The Scenery of Greece. 



Royal Society of Mkuicine (Tropical Diseases and Parasitology 

 Section), at 8.30. — Dr. W. B. Alcock : Laboratory Observations 

 on Pensioners who Contracted Malaria in the Late War. — Dr. 

 H. C. Lucey : Observations Bearing on the Reliability of the 

 Large Mono-nuclear Leucocyte Count as an Aid to the Diagnosis 

 of Malaria. 



TUESDAY, April 5. 



Royal Institution of Great Britain, at 3.— Prof. R. A. Sampson : 

 Present Position of the Nebular Hypothesis. 



Royal Horticultural Society, at 5.— Informal Conference on Plants 

 in Flower at the Time. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at 5.30.— L. H. Larmuth : Airship 

 Sheds and their Erection. 



Royal Society of Mkdicine (Surgery : Sub-section of Orthopsedics), 

 at 5.30. 



Zoological Society of London, at 5.30. 



Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain, at 7. — C. M. 

 Thomas : Chemical Methods in Photography. 



Royal Society of Medicine (Pathology Section) (at Institute of 

 Pathology, Charing Cross Hospital Medical School), at 8.30. — 

 W. S. Cole and Dr. W. J. Adie : The Quantitative Analysis of 

 the Gastric Contents. — W. S. Cole and Miss J. Aynton : Observa- 

 tions on Post-operative Ketosis. — J. E. Barnard : A Method of 

 Demonstrating the Structure of Bacteria. — Dr. A. B. Rosher : 

 The Agglutinins Present in Normal Sera for B. Entcriditls 

 (Gaertner) and for Bacilli of the B. Suipestifer Group. — Dr. 

 G. S. Wilson : Some Points in the Technique of Counting Viable 

 Bacteria.— Dr. H. B. Weir and Dr. W. J. Adie: (o) Infarct of 

 Spleen, followed by Rupture and Haemorrhage: (h) Gumma of 

 Heart, with Haemorrhage Causing Acute Heart-Block. — Dr. 

 W. W. C. Topley, .T. E. Barnard, and Dr. G. S. Wilson : A 

 New Technique for Obtaining Bacterial Cultures from a Single 

 Cell.— Dr. W. W. C. Topley and Dr. H. B. Weir : Demonstration 

 of the Lesions found in Some Epidemic Diseases of Mice. • 

 Dr. W. W. C. Topley : The Relation of B. Enteriditis (Gaertner) 

 to Bacilli of the B. Suipestifer Group. 



WEDNESDAY, April 6. 



Faraday Society, Iron and Steel Institute, Institution of Mechan- 

 ical Engineers, and Institute of Metals, Etc. (at Institution 

 of Mechanical Engineers), at 2.30, 5, and 8. — Joint General Dis- 

 cussion on Failure of Metals under Internal and Prolonged 

 Stress. — Dr. W. llosenhain : Introductory Address. — Prof. C. H. 

 Desoh : Chemical Influences in the Failure of Metals under 

 Stress. — L. Archbutt : Failure of the Lead Sheathing of Tele- 

 graph Cables. — Dr. W. H. Hatfield : Mechanism of Failure in 

 Metals from Internal Stress. — J. C. W. Humfrey : Internal 

 Stresses in Relation to Micro-structure. — R. H. N. Vaudrey and 

 W. E. Ballard : Internal Stresses in Brass Tubes. — Dr. F. Rogers : 

 Effects of Prolonged Stress on Metals at High Temperatures. — 

 R. W. Woodward : Corrosion-cracking of Non-Ferrous JIaterials. — 

 Sir Henry Fowler : Notes on Fractures in Locomotive Boiler 

 Tubes. — D. Hanson : Intercrystalline Failure in Steel.— J. A. 

 Jones : Intercrystalline Cracking of Mild Steel in Salt Solution. 

 — H. S. Rawdon : The Presence of Internal Fractures in Steel 

 Rails and their Relation to the Behaviour of the Material under 

 Service Stresses. — H. Moore : The Season-cracking of Brass : Digest 

 of Published Information. — H. Moore and S. Beckinsdale : The 

 Removal of Internal Stress in Brass. — O. W. Ellis : Experiences 

 of Season-cracking during the War.^ — Dr. F. Rogers : Stress and 

 Season-cracking in Cold Worked Brass Articles — AV. C. Hother- 

 sall : The Spontaneous Cracking of Necks of Small Arm Cart- 

 ridge Cases. — J. Arnott : Note on Phosphor Bronze Bars. 

 Entomological Society of London, at 8. 



Society of Public Analysts and Other Analytical Chemists (at 

 Chemical Society), at 8.— F. G. H. Tate and J. W. Pooley : 

 Detection and Estimation of Illipe Nut Fat used as a Substitute 

 for Cocoa Butter.— T. P. Harvey and S. Back : The Estimation 

 of Strvchnine in Scale Preparations containins' Quinine and 

 other Cinchona Alkaloids. — Dr. S. Mallanch : A Colour Reaction 

 for Aconite. — .T. L. Lizius : A ]\Tethod for the Determination of 

 the Acidity of Coloured Solutions. 



Royal Society or Arts, at 8. — Prof. A. Barr : The Optophone : An 

 Instrument for enabling the Blind to Read Ordinary Print. 



THURSDAY, April 7. 



Royal Institution of Great Britain, at 3. — C. T. R. Wilson: 

 Thunderstorms (Tyndali Lectures). 



LiNNEAN Society, at 5.— Reginald A. Malby : A Miniature Alpine' 

 Garden from January to December. — H. W. Monckton : Exhibition 

 of Various Forms of Taraxacum erythrospermum, Andrz. 



Child-Study Society (at Royal Sanitary Institute), at 6.— M. 

 Dainow : Original Research in Vocational Tests. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers (at Institution of Civil 

 Engineers), at 6. — K. Baumann : Son^e Recent Developments In 

 Steam Turbine Practice. 



Chemical Society (at Institution of Mechanical Engineers), at 8. — 

 Dr. F. W. Aston : Mass Spectra and Atomic Weights. 

 FRIDAY, April 8. 



Royal Astronomical Society, at 5. 



Physical Society of London (at Imperial College of Science), 

 at 5. — Dr. W. J. H. Moll : A New Registering Microphotometer, 

 University of Utrecht. — Sir William Bragg : The Examination of 

 the Structure of Crystals in the Form of Powder by Means of 

 the lonisation Spectrometer. — H. Parry : A Balance Method of 

 Using the Quadrant Electrometer for the Measurement of Power. 



Royal Society of Medicine (Clinical Section), at 5.30. — Dr. Ivor 

 Davies : Hair Ball or Hair Cast of the Stomach and Gastro- 

 intestinal Tract. A Report of Two Cases with Specimens, and 

 an Abstract of 108 Cases from the Literature.— Dr. M. Cassidy : 

 Report TP Case of Neoplasm of Lung. 



Royal Institution of Great Britain, at 9.— Dr. R. H. A. Plimmer : 

 Quality of Protein in Nutrition. 



SATURDAY, April 9. 



Royal Institution of Great Britain, at 3. — Dr. H. H. Dale : 

 Poisons and Antidotes. 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



Inventions and Grants in Aid ... 129 



The Embryology of Crinoids. By Dr. F. A. Bather, 



F.R.S 132 



Electrical Theory and Relativity. By A. R 133 



Mathematical Text-books. By H. B. H 134 



Our Bookshelf 136 



Letters to the Editor: — 



The Common Occurrence of Aurora in the South of 



England.— Right Hon. Lord Rayleigth, F.R.S. 137 

 Mount Everest. — Lt.-Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen, 



F.R.S. .-^37 



Molecular Size and Range of Molecular Attraction.s in 



Solutions. (fVi(k Diaqrams.) — Prof. J. B. 



Leatbes, F.R.S. ... 138 



Oceanographic Research in the British Empire. — Dr. 



N. Annandale and Major R. B. Seymour 



Sewell 139 



The Sound of Distant Gun-fire.— Capt. C. J. P. 



Cave 140 



Sound Transmitted through Earth. — Reginald G. 



Durrant . . . 140 



X-rays and their Physiological Effects.— A. B. Bruce 140 

 Greenland in Europe. — David MacRitchie ... 141 

 The Peltier Effect and Low-temperature Research. — 



Dr. Geoffrey Martin 141 



Relativity and the Velocity of Light. — C. O. Bartrum 141 

 Stellar Magnitudes and their Determination. I. — 

 Apparent Magnitudes: {a) Visual. {With Dia- 

 grams.) By H. Spencer Jones 142 



The Development and Spread of Civilisation. By 



W. J. Perry 146 



Obituary 148 



Notes 148 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Pons-Winnecke's Comet I53 



Comet Reid 1921a 153 



Large Detonating Fireball I53 



The Origin of the South-west Monsoon. By Dr. 



G. C. Simpson, F.R.S. I54 



The Fjnsbury School of Chemistry. By Prof. G. T. 



Morgan, F.R.S. . I54 



Bacterial Diseases of Farm Crops. By W. E. B. 155 

 Fatigue and Efficiency in the Iron and Steel In- 

 dustry 156 



University and Educational Intelligence . . 156 



Calendar of Scientific Pioneers 157 



Societies and Academies 158 



Books Received iS9 



Diary of Societies 160 



NO. 2683, 'V'OL. 107] 



