FENCES AND HEDGES 219 



knocked up with a hammer close to the hole 

 and turned two or three times round a stout 

 nail. 



Kinks and bends in the wire may be rubbed 

 out of it with the hammer handle whilst it 

 is under tension, before the final tightening. 



Two good types of open fence are shown 

 in the next illustration, and they call for no 

 special description. In the all-rail pattern 

 the post heads are made separately and nailed 

 on, their purpose being to protect the end 

 grain of the post from the weather. 



Temporary fences may be made of rough 

 unbarked cedar or other timber that may be 

 readily and cheaply procurable. The lattice 

 or "rustic" fence is short-lived, and in long 

 lengths its diagonal pattern is monotonous. 

 Its appearance is much improved by adding 

 a top rail of halved timber flat side down. 



A better type is that next illustrated, the 

 posts being of unbarked cedar, and the side 

 and top rails of the same halved. Ordinary 

 iron cut nails may be used with advantage, 

 as their "rusting-in" makes them hold all the 

 better. 



In setting out a fence care should be taken 



