﻿63 



GLUCHOF. 



GOLD COAST COLONY. 



reign of Henry VI. by Ralph Lord Boteler, on the site of a more 

 ancient castle. During the civil wars this castle was taken by the 

 Parliamentarians, dismantled, and otherwise destroyed. A small side 

 chapel or aisle is now used as the parish church of Sudeley. Bad- 

 mington House, the family residence of the dukes of Beaufort, about 

 five miles and a half east by north from Chipping Sodbury, was erected 

 in lti$2, and is enriched with many paintings of the old masters. 

 Among other residences which are worthy of notice are Barnaley Park, 

 and Oakley Grove, near Cirencester; Barrington Hall, near North- 

 leach ; Blaize Castle, near Bristol ; Highham Court, near Gloucester ; 

 Hiserden Park, near Bisley ; and Southam House, near Cheltenham. 



Statittict. — According to the ' Census of Religious Worship,' taken 

 in 1851, it appears that there were then in the county 928 places of 

 worship, of which 433 belonged to the Church of England, 214 to 

 five sections of Methodists, 102 to Baptists, 96 to Independents, 14 to 

 Roman Catholics, 12 to Quakers, 11 to the Countess of Huntingdon's 

 Connexion, 9 to Kormons, 8 to ' Brethren,' 7 to Unitarians, and 22 to 

 minor bodies. The total number of sittings provided was 280,746. 

 In 1851 the number of day schools in the county was 1283, of which 

 489 were public schools with 41,295 scholars, and 794 were private 

 Bcbook with 1 4,923 scholats. There were 606 Sunday schools in the 

 county, with 59,154 scholars on their books ; of these Sunday schools 

 324 were supported by the Church of England, 117 by five sections 

 of Methodi.its, 68 by Independents, 58 by Baptists, 8 by the Countess 

 of Huntingdon's Connexion, and 31 by minor bodies. The number of 

 evening schools for adults was 26, with 782 scholars ; of literary and 

 ■cientific institutions, mechanics institutes, &,c., there were 16 in the 

 I county, with an aggregate membership of 2309, and upwards of 

 I 14,000 volumes of books in the libraries attached. 

 ' In 1852 the county possessed 15 savings banks at Bristol, Cainscros.'', 



Cheltenham, Cirencester, Dursley, Gloucester, Kingswood, Lechlade, 

 Newnham, Stow -on -the -Wold, Tetbury, Tewkesbury, Thombury, 

 Winchcombe, and Wotton-imder-Edge. 'The total amount owing to 

 depositors on 20th November 1852 was 935,922^ 13*. lOd. 



GLUCHOF. [CzER.viooF.] 



GLUCKSTADT. [Holsteis.] 



OMUND. [Jaxt.] 



GMUNDEN. [Ens.] 



0N0S3US, or CNOSSUS. [Casdia.] 



OOA, formerly capital of the Portuguese possessions in India, is 

 f'taated in the province of Bejapore, on an island about 24 miles in 

 circumference, formed by the river Mandova, and stands in about 

 15° 28' N. lat, 73° 51' E. long. The ancient city, which, being un- 

 healthy, is now deserted except by about 4000 inhabitants, was once 

 a splendid and populous pUce, containing many magnificent dwellings 

 and a great number of elegant churches and monasteries. Thearcbi- 

 tectura of its public buildings far surpasses anything attempted by 

 Europeans in India. The palace church is built after the model of 

 St. Peter's in Rome, the church of St. Dominic is, or was, ornamented 

 with paintings by Italian masters ; the cathedral would be an ornament 

 to any city in Europe ; and the Augustine monastery and church are 

 noble structures. In the church of the Jesuits is the fine monument 

 of St. Francis Xavier. Most of these edifices are now fast going to decay. 

 Goa gives title to an archbishop and has a diocesan seminary. The 

 new town, named Panjim, stands 5 miles nearer the sea tlian the 

 ancient city. It is a handsome, well-built place, with 18,000 to 

 20,000 inhabitants. With the exception of the viceroy and the prin- 

 ci]ial functionaries, who are natives of Portugal, the inhabitants are 

 montly a mixed race, the descendants of European and Indian women, 

 and all of them are Roman Catholics. 



GOAT ISLAND. [Ca.\ada.] 



GOBAIN, ST. [A1S.NE.] 



GOBI, sometime)*, but incorrectly, Cobi, is a Mongolian term signi- 

 fying ' desert,' and employed to indicate the immense tract of desert 

 country which extends from the neighbourhood of Yarkaud and 

 Khotan (80° E. long.) to the Kingkhsn Oola (120° E. long.). But a 

 portion of this desert extends east of the Kingkhan O^ola to the 



fnortham boundary of the Cliinese province of Leao-tong, mure than 

 five degrees farther east. The Gobi lies between 35° and 45° N. lat. 

 Its mean width may be between 350 and 400 miles, and its length 

 perhaps not less than 1800 miles. 



That portion of the desert which is partly included in the Chinese 

 provifice uf Kan-si seems to contain the least sterile part of it ; and 

 between the towns of Hami and Shat-shew (Sand-town) the desert 

 pnjbably is not much more than 200 miles across. West of the pro- 

 vince of Kan-ii its surface consists of loose sand, which is sometimes 

 raised by the winds into the air, and moves along the ground like a 

 body of water. This coimtry is drained by the river Yarkaud. That 

 portion of the Gobi which extends east of the province of Kan-si is 

 oilli'd Ta-Oobi (the Great Gobi), and is somewhat better known than 

 the Western Gobi : its central part is a valley of uneven surface, 

 extending east and west, and from 150 to 250 miles across. Its lowest 

 part is from 2600 to 3000 feet above the sea-level, and is covered with 

 gravel and small stones ; whe()ce it has receiveil from the Chinese the 

 name of Shamo (.Sea of Sand). The soil is mostly impregnated with 



I different kinds of salt, and the lakes, which are numerous, are brackish. 

 To the north and south of this valley are mountainous tracts of 



They are partly wooded, and contain in many places excellent pasture- 

 ground. 



The climate of the Gobi is extremely cold. The winter lasts more 

 than nine mouths ( and even in July and August snow falls, and it 

 frequently freezes in the night. 



(Du Halde, History of China.) 



GODALMING, Surrey, a market-town and municipal borough in the 

 parish of Godalming, is situated in a valley on the right bank of the 

 river Wey, in 51° 11' N. lat., 0° 37' W. long., distant 44 miles S. by 

 W. from Guildford, 33 miles S.W. from London by road, and 344 

 miles by the London and South- Western railway. The population of 

 the town of Godalming in 1851 was 2218. The borough is governed 

 by 4 aldermen and 12 councillors, one of whom is mayor. The 

 living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Surrey and diocese of 

 Winchester. 



Godalming consists chiefly of a main street, nearly a mile long ; 

 with which the suburb of Me.id-row and the village of Ferncombe on 

 the north-east are nearly united. The town is paved and lighted. The 

 town-hall is a neat modern building. The parish church, situated 

 between the High-street and the river, consists of a nave and cliaucel, 

 with aisles, and is 1 32 feet long ; the tower is early Norman, the rest 

 of the church is early English, with later insertions. In the interior 

 is a monumental tablet to the Rev. Owen Manning, the historian of 

 the county. There is a district church which was opened in 1849. 

 The Independents, Wesleyan Methodists, Quakers, and Unitarians 

 have places of worship. There are National and British schools ; a 

 savings bank ; and a public reading-room. A county court is held in 

 the town. Godalming was the original seat of the manufacture of 

 fleecy hosiery, some of which is still made here. Paper-making, the 

 hosiery manufacture, and the preparation of wash-leathwr employ 

 many of the inhabitants. Hoops for butter-tubs are made in larga 

 quantities. The Wey is navigable up to Godalming, and there is here 

 a spacious wharf. Some corn-mills, oil-mills, and fulling-mills are 

 near the town. A market for com is held on Wednesday, and fairs 

 are held on February 13th and July 10th, for cattle, &c. 



(Manning and Bray, Surrey ; Brayley, Surrey ; Communication from 

 Godalminy.) 



GODAVERY. [Hindustan.] 



OODERICH. [Canada.] 



GODMANCHESTER. [HoNTisaDOXSHniE.] 



GODSTONE, Surrey, a village and the seat of a Poor-Law Union 

 in the pariah of Godstone, is situated on the left side of Broadmead 

 water, a feeder of the Medway, in 51° 15' N. lat., 0° 3' W. long., 

 distant 26 miles E. from Guildford, .and 18 miles S. by E. from London 

 by road. Godstone station of the London and South-Eastern rail- 

 way, which is 2 miles from the village, is 27 miles distant from 

 London. The population of the parish of Godstone in 1851 was 

 1657. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Surrey aud 

 diocese of Winchester. Godstone Poor-Law Union contains 14 

 parishes, withanareaof 40,211 acres, and a population in 1851 of 8871. 

 The place is chiefly remarkable for its quarries of sandstone of a 

 [jartioularly durable description. The neighbourhood, which is 

 picturesque and healthy, contains sevei-al good mansions. 



GODSTOW. [0.\POBDSHIBE.] 



GOES, or TERGOES. [Bbv£Land.] 



OOJAM [Abyssinia.] 



GOLCONDA. [Hindustan.] 



GOLD COAST COLONY. The Gold Coast is a part of Upper 

 Guinea, but its boimdary is not exactly determined. Geographers 

 state that Cape Three Points (2° 30' W. long.) constitutes its western 

 boundary ; but our navigators extend it farther west to the small 

 river Asainnee (about 5° W. long.), nearly 70 miles E. from Cape 

 Lahoo. On the east, the eastern mouth of the river Lagos (4° 20' 

 E. long.) is generally considered as constituting its boundary towards 

 Benin, though the moat eastern districts are often distinguished by 

 the name of the Slave Coast. In the interior are the powerful king- 

 doms of the Ashantees and Dahomey, on which most of the small 

 states along the coast are dependent. According to Governor Hill, 

 in his dispatch to the Secretary of Stiite for the Colonies, transmitting 

 the 'Blue Book' for 1851, the territory under British protection is 

 estimated to include about 8000 square miles of country, with a 

 population of about 400,000. In a despatch of April 15th, 1853, 

 however. Governor Hill states that he considera his previous estimate 

 of the population to be exaggerated, and that it is probably not 

 more than 300,000. The revenue of the colony is derived from a 

 government grant of 4000/. per annum, a duty of half per cent, ad 

 valorem on all imports, and certain small fees. The income for 1852 

 amoimted to 6739i. 19<. 6\d., the expenditure to 6402/. 5». M. The 

 value of the imports for the year 1852 amounted tu 71,635/.; the 

 value of the exports for the same year amounted to 159,250/. 



Nearly in the centre of the coast is the fortress of Accra. The 

 country west of Accra has an tmdulating surface, with a small 

 proportion of level ground : the hills are covered with shrubs and 

 timber of small growth. The coast, though rarely high, is rocky 

 aud bold. At Accra the low country begins, and extends a consider- 

 able way to the eastward. It is a fertile, open, and level plaiu, 

 wliich contains extensive savannahs covered with high grass ; but in 

 some parts it is thickly wooded with fine trees. The shores here 



