﻿tff 



HTmSLET. 



UYTUK. 



eoltimtad, prodaoing ooKm, wheat, jomuri, buriay, uid a Tariety of fruit* 

 and T«g»Ubla«w Tha kaat (a imall plant, the learM of which are aaiJ 

 to famuM an iatouoating quality) ii nid to be rary abundaat. Tha 



rtnnd ii irrigated bj artiftoial means from numeroui apriiiga. Coffee 

 the most important artid* produoed, of which large quantitiee are 

 annually exported to the aea-ooaat, to the porta of Burburah and 

 Zeila, and thanoe to Arabia. There are wearan, blackamitha, and 

 gold and ulrar imitha The lanoea made in Hurrar are in high 

 estimation. KaAlaa arrire at all aeaiODS. The principal are those 

 which peas between Hurrar and Burburah and Zeila, which two last- 

 mentioned places may be considered as the porta of Hurrar. The 

 March kafila is the latest, and oonaists usually of 2000 camels. They 

 export coffee, jowari, ghee, ostrieh-feathers, gum, myrrh, and wur : 

 the last-mentioned article is like saffron in appearance, and is used by 

 the Arabs as ointment for cooling the body; it is also mixed up with 

 floor and made up into cakes, which are said to be very palatable. 

 They export also to Burburah slaves, both male and feiual«, and 

 neeiTe in return blue and white coarse cloth, ludian piece-goodi<, 

 European prints, silk, silk-thread, red cotton-yam, beads, sine, 

 oopper-wire, frankincense, and some smaller articles. There are also 

 annually three kafilas to Zeila. The imports are the same as those 

 firom Burburah, but the exports are increased by some articles, as 

 wheat, uuUet, beans, &c. 



Smaller kafilas depart almost every month to Sboa, except during 

 the raioy season. They chiefly export articles obtained from Burburah 

 and ZeiU, especially blue cloth, red cotton-yam, &c. ; and receive in 

 return slaves, mules, and horses. Other kaUas trade between Hurrar 

 aud Arusie and Chercher, two towns or encampments of the Oallas, 

 situated west and south-west of Hurrar : the articles of export and 

 import are imperfectly known. 



The climate of Hurrar is said to be similar to that of Shoa, but not 



Suite so cold. The language bears an affinity to the Amharic, but 

 le Arabic character is used in writing. The ruler of Hurrar boa the 

 title of Emir, and the succession is hereditary. He is frequently at 

 war with the Oalla tribes. 



{London Otographical Journal, vols. xiL and xiv. ; D'Abbadie, 

 Letter; Tramactioni of the Bombay Geographical Society, vol. ii.) 



HURSLEV, Hampshire, a village and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union in the parish of Hursley, is situated in 61° 1' N. lat, 1° 23' 

 W. long., liLstaut 5 miles S.W. from Winchester, and 67 miles S.W. 

 from London. The population of the parish of Huraley in 18S1 was 

 1632. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry and diocese of 

 Winchester. Hursley Poor-Law Union contains four parishes, with 

 on .irca of 10,200 acres, and a population in 1851 of 2570. The 

 IMrixh chureh is a handsome and costly building in the decorated 

 Htyle, erected within the last few years at the expense of the Rev. J. 

 Keble, vicar of Hursley. There arc in the village National schools. 

 Hursley Pork adjoins the village ; the mansion is finely situated, and 

 the i>ark is well xtocked with deer. 



HUKSTPIEKUEPOINT. [Sus-SEX.] 



HURWORTH. [DuRHiU.] 



HYDASPES. [Hindustan.] 



HYUK [CHESHinE.] 



HYDRA ISLAND. [Gnr.KCu.] 



HYDRABAD. [Hixdlsta::.] 



IIYEBES, a town in the French department of Var, situated 

 11 miles E. from Toulon, on the southern slope of a hill that looks 

 over a beautiful plain covered with plantation* of the orange, citron, 

 vino, olive, pomegranate, mulberry, and palm, and terminating in the 

 Mediterranean, stands in 43° 7' K. kt, 6° 7' E. long., and has 9»66 

 inhabitants. It is considered one of the healthiest winter reaidences 

 in the south of France, being protected by hills from the north-west 

 winds and also from the direct influence of the south-west, which 

 sometimes blows with great violence in this part of the Mediterranean. 

 The interior of the town is not inviting ; most of the streets are 

 steep, narrow, and ill-paved ; the highest port is covered with rooks 

 and the ruins of an ancient fortress, from which run two massive 

 walls that formerly inclosed the town. On a steep rook in this part 

 stands a curious old church, which has been classed among the 

 historical stmcturvs of France. Below it is Vi ancient chAtcau, now 

 used as the town-boiuc, which fronts the market-place. Lower down 

 is the orincipal square, which is adorned with a column sumiounted 

 |y a white marble bust of Mossillon, who was a native of Jlyires. 

 The suburbs form the handsomest pait of the town ; thera arc 

 aararal fine bouse* and hotels, and vinitors chiefly reside here. In 

 tba ■uburb of St-Laurcnt, on the sea-shore, there is a largo establish- 

 meat for the manufacture of salt. Wine, brandy, perfumes, oil, silk, 

 onnge-flowcrs, and fruits are tho chief articles of trade. The isthmus, 



which joins the rocky peninsula of Qien* to the mainland of the 

 department of Var, lie* between two lai^ge roadsteads, that of Hyires 

 on the east, and that of Oian* on the waatem aide. The roadstead, 

 or Oulf of Hyiraa, is protected on Uw aouth aide by the three 

 islands of PorqueroUes, Port-Cros, and Levant, which are fortified, 

 and form, with the many rocky islet* near them, the group called 

 /let (f i/yfret. There wa* an ancient town on or near the site of 

 Hytoe*. Sereral Roman remain* have been found. (Didionnairt dt 

 la France.) 



HYMETTUS. [Attica.] 



U YKCA'KIA, a province of the ancient Persian empire, was bounded 

 N. by the Caspian Sea, £. by the Oxus, which divided it from 

 Margiana, S. by the northern offsets of the Montes Sariphi (now 

 Hazari), which divided it from Ariana and Parthia, and W. by a 

 range of mountains called by Ptolemy Koronus, which with the 

 river Charindas formed it* limits towards Media. It* boundaries 

 differed considerably at Torious times. It* proper limit* were neariy 

 coincident with those of Motanderan, and it* name is sappooed to 

 be still preserved in the modem Qurkan or Jorjan, a town to the 

 east of Asterabad. Hyrcania was a plain sloping from the mountains 

 towards the Caspian Sea, and was according to Strabo very fertile, 

 producing grapea and figs ; though the land was not much cultivated 

 by the inhabitants. 



Previous to the Persian conquest Hyrcania appears to have been 

 subject to the ChorasmU. (Herod., ill 117.) It formed, together with 

 the Parthi, Choi-asmii, Sogdi, and Arii, the 16th satrapy of Darius 

 Hystaspes, and contributed 300 talent*. (Herod., iil 93.) Alter the 

 dissolution of the Persian empire Hyrcania became subject to the 

 Macedonians ; but it remained in their power for only a short time. 

 (Strabo, p. 350.) It appears afterwards to have become independent ; 

 since Josephus (' De Bello -Jud,' viL 27) mentions a king of the 

 Hyrcanians in the time of Vespasian, who had poaseasion of the 

 passes through the mountains, which are known by the name of the 

 Caspian Gates. 



Strabo informs us that there were several towns in Hyrcania, of 

 which tbo most important were Talabroce, Samariane (the Samaranno 

 of Ptolemy), Carta, and Tape. Arrian mentions (' Anab.,' iii. 28) 

 Zadracarta, which (as well as Tape) was probably identical with Carta, 

 as the capital ; and Ptolemy gives us as the capital a town Hyrcania, 

 which he places in the eastern part of the province. The principal . 

 rivers were the Maxera, the Socanaa, which is perhaps the same as 

 the modem Ooui^un, the Samcius (Atrek), the Syderis, and the 

 Charindas. 



HYTHE, Kent, a municipal and parliamentary borough, a market- 

 town and Cinque Port in the parish of Uythe, is situated on the 

 south coast in 51° S' N. lat., 1° 5' E. long., distant 15 miles S. from 

 Canterbury, and 65 miles S.E. by S. from London. The population 

 of the municipal borough of Hytbe in 1851 was 2857 ; that of the 

 parliamentary borough, which includes the towns of Folkestone and 

 Sondgatc, with some smaller places, was 13,164. The borough is 

 governed by 4 aldermen and 12 councillors, one of whom is mayor, 

 and returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. Tho living is a 

 perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry and diocese of Canterbury. 



Hythe, so-called from the Saxon word Hyth, a haven, is believed 

 to owe its origin to the decay of West Hythe aud Lympne, or Limne 

 (the Portus Lemanianus of the Romans), which are now both inland. 

 It was early a place of importance, being one of tho Cinque Ports, 

 and having once had, according to Leland, a fair abbey and four 

 parish churches. The town stands principally at the foot of a steep 

 bill or cliff, which appears to have been on the sea shore when the 

 town was founded, though now about half a mile from it. Hythe 

 consists chiefly of one long street, parallel to the sea, with some 

 smaller ones branching from it, or parallel to iU Tho town-hall and 

 market-place, rebuilt in 1794, are in the centre of tho town. The 

 church, which is situated on the slope of tho hill above the town, is 

 a cruciform edifice, |>artly Norman and partly early English, with a 

 tower at the west end. Under tho chauccl ia a remarkably fine 

 groined crypt. The Weslcyan Methodists and Independents have 

 places of worship. There are in Hythe two hospitals, or almshouses, 

 of ancient foundation. National and Infant schools, a savings bank, 

 a public library and reading-room, a dispensary, barracks, and a small 

 theatre. A county court is held. The market is on Thursday : fairs 

 are held on July 10th, and December 1st. Hythe has numerous 

 visitors during the bathing season. Tho scenery in the neighbour- 

 hood is exceedingly picturesque. Within tho last two or three year* 

 excavations have been made at Lympne, and many Roman remains 

 discovered, at well as clear traces of the ancient port and town. 



HYTHE. [H.Mii-siiiBK.] 



