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ILLIKOLS. 



ILMINSTER. 



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^818 M tha capital of the (ttta, with a great oentral iqiure in which 

 the state buildings were plooed, and atreeta 80 feet wide interaectiug 

 at right anglea. After the remoral of the atate legialature, judiciary, 

 ftc, the place languiahed, but it ia recoTering, and aa it in now being 

 made a centre for the junction of several great lines of railway, and 

 consequently one of the chief thoroughfares of trade iu Illinois, its 

 natural adnntages appear likely to be more thoroughly developed, 

 and it will probably become an important commercial town. 

 Waulegan, the port town and capital of Lake county, is a new town 

 well pTaoeid on an eminence above lake Michigan. The town is of 

 recent formation, but it already contains several handsome and sub- 

 itantisl buildings, piers, &c, a Rood harbour, above 4000 inhabitants, 

 and carries on a very oonsiderablo lake trade. The country inland is 

 here of the best description of prairie, with abundance of good timber. 



Ootemmtnl, Judicature, ic. — The first constitution of the state 

 was drawn up in 1818 : that tmder which the government is now 

 carried on waa adopted in convention in August, 1847, and accepted 

 by the people in March 1848. By it the right of voting for all 

 elective offices appertains to every white male citizen 21 years of age 

 who has resided in the state for one year. Among other provisions of 

 the constitution are the following : — Slavery is prohibited. Ko 

 coloured person, free or slave, is permitted to come into the state. 

 Lotteries are disallowed. Duelling is a disqualification for office. No 

 state bank can be created or revived : acts creating banks must be 

 submitted to the people, and receive a majority of votes in their 

 favour in order to become law. Stockholders are individually liable 

 to the amount of their shares. Corporations for other thau banking 

 purposes may be established under general laws. No alteration or 

 amendment can be made in the constitution, unless it is passed by a 

 vote of two-thirds of the whole number of members elected to both 

 houses, published and referred to the next legislature, and, if passed 

 again by a majority, then submitted to the people, whose approval by 

 a majority makes it law. Only one article of the constitution can be 

 amended in one session. The le:;islative body, styled the general 

 assembly, consists of a Senate of 25 members, who must be 80 years 

 old, and have resided in the state for five years ; and of a House of 

 Representatives of 75 members, who must be 25 years old, and have 

 resided iu the state three years. These members may be increased 

 when the population of the state exceeds 1,000,000, but the number of 

 representatives must never exceed 1 00. The senators are elected for 

 four years ; half tho number to be elected every two years ; the repre- 

 sentatives are elected biennially. In forming senatorial or represen- 

 tative elective districts, regard ia only to be had to the number of 

 white inhabitants. The governor who has a qualified veto on the 

 acts of the general assembly, is elected every four years by a plurality 

 of votes. He must be 35 years old, and have resided in the state the 

 10 years preceding his election. His salary is 1500 dollars; he must 

 reside at the seat of government, and he is not eligible for re-election 

 at a consecutive term. 



The public debt of the state on the Ist of January 1853 amounted 

 to 16,724,174 dollars, in which is included a sum of 7,800,000 dollars 

 borrowed for the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal. 

 The amount of property in the state subject to taxation on January Ist 

 1851 was :— Real estate 98,748,633 dollars; personal property 39,069,546 

 doUard, total 137,818,079 dollais. The rate of taxation was 60^ cents 

 on 100 dollars. The total receipts of the treasury for the (too years 

 ending November 30th 1852 (chiefly from taxes) was 603,561 dollars, 

 the expenditure for the same period was 385,767 dollars. The state 

 militia is composed of 170,359 men, of whom 4618 are commissioned 

 officers. 



The judicature consists of a supreme court, circuit courts, and 

 county courts. The supreme court consists of tliroe divisions, and 

 has cognisance of all appellate cases, cases relating to the revenue, 

 mandamus, habeas corpus, and some impeachments. The judges, 

 who must be 35 years old and have resided iu the state for 5 years, 

 ore elected by the people for 9 yean; one of the judges must be 

 elected every 3 years: the salary of each is 1200 dollars. There are 

 IS circuit coiuts, each presided over by a judge who is elected for 4 

 years, must be 30 years of age, and receives a salary of 1 000 dollars : 

 these courts have cognisance of all ordinary civil and criminal cases. 

 In each county a court is held for the transaction of county and 

 probate business, with limited civil and criminal jurisdiction: the 

 Judges are elected by the counties for 4 years. 



The state has made considerable provision for the education of the 

 children of white citizens. The total sum devoted to educational pur- 

 DOMS on December 3l8t 1852 was 951,604 dollars ; the whole of which 

 has been borrowed or appropriated by the state, and applied to the 

 paynwot of the current expenses of the government. The state pays 

 6 per oent. interest The number of colleges in the state in 1851 

 was 8, having 85 teachers and 442 pupils ; a(»demies and other upper 

 sehooki 81, having 166 teachers and 4179 pupils; public schools 4054, 

 having 4252 t<'achen and 125,790 pupils. According to the returns 

 by families there were in the same year in the state 181,969 white 

 and 328 free coloured children attending school. The number of 

 adults in the state unable to rea<l and write was 40,054 whites and 

 1229 free coloured ; of whom 35,830 were natives of the United States. 

 The principal colleges are— the Illinois, at Jacksonville, fouuilol in 

 1830, which has 6 tuton^ 48 students, and a library of 3660 volumes; 



tho Knox, at Oalesburg, founded in 1837, which has 7 tutors, SO 

 students, and a library of 33U0 volumes ; the ShurtliCT (Baptist), at 

 Upper Alton, founded in 1835, which has tutors, 40 students, and a 

 library of 1900 volumes ; and the M'Kendree (Methodist), at Lebanon, 

 founded in 1836, which has 10 tutors, 79 students, and a library of 

 7000 volumes. Among religious sects the Methodists are the moat 

 numerous. In 1850 the Methodists had 405 churches, affording 

 accommodation for 178,452 persons; the Baptists 2S2 churches, with 

 accommodation for 94,130 persons; Presbyterians 206 churches, with 

 accommodation for 83,129 persons; 'Christians' 69 churohex, with 

 accommodation for 30,864 persons; Congregationalists 46 churches, 

 with accommodation for 15,626 persons ; Lutherans 42 churches, with 

 accommodation fur 16,640 persons ; Kpiscopaliaoa 27 cburche.^, with 

 accommodation for 14,000 persons; Roman Catholics 59 churches, 

 with accommodation for 29,100 persons. There ore besides churches 

 for Moravians, Swedenborgians, Dutch Reformed, Mennonites, Tunkers, 

 Quakers, Unionists, Unitarians, Uuiversolists, and various minor sects. 

 One hundred uid seven newspapers and periodicals, having an aggre- 

 gate circulation of 88,623 (5,102,276 copies annually) are published in 

 the state. 



This state is within the limits of the cession which Virginia made 

 to the United States in 1787; but the first settlements made iu it 

 were by the Canadian French before 1763. It was governed, with 

 Indiana, as a territory of the United States from 1800 to 1809. In 

 1809 they were made separate territorial governments, and in 1818 

 Illinois was admitted into the Union as a state. 



(Slatittical Gazetteer of the United Stalet, 1853 ; American Almatute, 

 1854; Seventh Census of tlie UniUd States, Official Report, 1853; 

 Marcou, Geological Map of the United States, vith an £jcplanaiory Text 

 1853.) 

 ILLOK. [Cboatia.] 



ILLYRIA, Kingdom o£ Ancient lUyria comprehended all the 

 provinces on the east coast of the Adriatic, with the adjacent islands 

 as far as Epirus, and waa inhabited by a people called by the general 

 name of the lUyric Nations. Illyria also extended into the interior 

 as far as the Ister (Danube) and the Alps which lie between Italy and 

 Oermany. The Macedonic nations formed the eastern boundary. 

 Within these vague but extensive limits, which comprehend a con- 

 siderable portion of the Austrian and part of the Turkish dominions, 

 there were other nations, and particularly Oauls, mingled with the 

 lllyrians. (Strabo, 312, Ac.) The numerous excellent ports along 

 this coast gave the natives great advantages fur prosecutmg a piratical 

 warfare. The lllyrians defeated Amyntas II. of Macedonia B.c. 388, 

 and his eldest son, Alexander II., was obliged to purchase peace of 

 them, and give his brother Philip as a hostage. Wheu Philip came 

 to the throne he defeated the lllyrians, B c. 359, and for a time broke 

 their power. That the lllyrians were formidable neighbours to the 

 Macedonians appears from the fact of their long-continued wars and 

 the several great defeats which the Macedonians sustained frotii them. 

 Piracy was the chief pursuit of tho maritime lllyriuus, which brought 

 them into collision with the Romaus, by whom they were subdued. 

 On the division of the empire Illyria remained to the Western empire, 

 but on its decline (476) fell to the Eastern empire. In the 6th cen- 

 tury colonies of Slavonians from Russia and Poland 8ettle<l in the 

 country, and soon made themselves independent of tho Byzantiua 

 government : thus arose the little kingdoms of Croatia and Dalmatia. 

 The Venetians and Hungarians took some small portions (1090) : in 

 1170 the kingdom of Rascia was create^l, out of which 200 years 

 later Bosnia waa formed. Dalmatia submitted to Venice, but was 

 conquered in VAlO by the Hungarians; but both they and the 

 Venetians soon lost almost the whole country to the Turks, the 

 Venetians retaining only a small part of Dalmatia aud tho Hungarians 

 Slavouia and Croatia. Thus the name of Illyria disappeared from 

 the map of Euroi>c till it was revived by Napoleon, who, after the 

 conclusion of peace at Vienna in 1809, gave to several tracts of terri- 

 tory ceded by Austria, iucludiug Dalmatia, the naiuo of the Illyrian 

 Provinces. Those countries being recovered by Austria in 1813 and 

 1814, several of them were formed into the Kingdom of Illyria, the 

 extent of which was reduced in 1822 by the separation of the circle 

 of Carlstadt and of the Hungarian Littorale, which were annexed 

 to Hungary. In 1849 a new territorial arrangement was made of the 

 Austrian dominions, and the kingdom of Illyria ceased to bo the 

 title of one of the divisions of tho empire. 



The kingdom of Illyria, as constituted previous to 1819, lay between 

 44° 43' and 46" 25' N. lat, 13" 14' and 16' E. loug., and was bounded 

 N. by Austria and Styria, N.E. by Styria, S.E. by Croatia, S. by the 

 Adriatic, and AV. by lUily and Tyrol. 'The area was about 10,915 

 square miles : the population was 1,252,831 iu 1842. The territory 

 included in the kingdom of Illyria now forms the crownlands of 

 Cabintbia, Camiula or Krain, aud KUstenlakd, under which heads 

 it will be found described. 

 ILMEN, LAKE. [Russia.] 



ILMINSTER, Somersetshire, a market-town in the parish of 

 Ilminater, is situated near tho river Isle or 111c, in 60° 55' N. lat, 

 2° 66' W. long., distant 44 miles S.W. by 8. from Bath, and 136 miles 

 8.S.W. from London. The population of tho pariah of Ilminster iu 

 1851 was 3299. Tho liviug in a vicarage iu the archdeaconry of 

 Taunton and diocese of Bath aud Wells. 



