﻿KERTSCH. 



KEYNSHAW. 



M'Carthy More and one of the earls of Deamond, but was forcibly 

 retained by Desmond, and continued in the possession of his family 

 till the reign of Elizabeth. In the wars with Cromwell in 1641 it was 

 nearly demolishefl. Since the Reatoration, the castle, ruined as it is, 

 with 7 acres of land adjoining, has remained in possession of the 

 crown. lAxnaw, an ancient village, said to derive its name from one of 

 the old Milesian tribes, stands on the right bank of the river Brick, and 

 has 208 inhabitants. The castle of Lixnaw, one of the fortified resi- 

 dences of the earia of Kerry, is now a ruin. PortMagee, population 

 161, a fishing village with a small harbour, on the south side of the 

 southern entrance of Valentia Harbour, 8 miles from Cahirciveen. It 

 contains a Roman Catholic chapel, and a coast-guard station. Water- 

 vilU, population of the township 141, situated on the short stream 

 formed by the outlet of Lough Currane into Ballinaskelligs Bay. The 

 Tillage is clustered round the spot where the river makes a fall into 

 the bay ; it is much frequented by anglers and sportsmen. 



Kerry is represented in the Imperial Parliament by two members 

 for the county, and one for Tralee borough. The assizes are held at 

 Tralee, where also are the county prison and county infirmary. 

 Quarter-sessions are held at Tralee, KiUamey, Cahirciveen, Dingle, 

 Kenmare, and Listowel ; each of these towns is also the seat of a 

 Union workhouse. Petty sessions are held at 24 places. There 

 are bridewells at Killamey, Dingle, Kenmare, Cahirciveen, Castle 

 Island, Milltown, Listowel, and Tarbert The lunatic asylum for 

 the county is at Limerick, and contains about 200 patients. There are 

 fever hospitals at Tralee, Killamey, Ballylongford, Listowel, and 

 Cahirciveen ; and 25 dispensaries in various parts of the county. That 

 portion of the county which lies on the right bank of the Feale is 

 included in the military district of Limerick; the remainder belongs 

 to the Cork district. There are barracks at Tralee, Tarbert, and 

 Carigue Islands. The constabulary force, consisting of 241 men and 

 officers, has its head-quarters at Tralee. The county is divide<l into 6 

 police districts, comprising 39 stations ; the districts are Tralee, 

 Cahirciveen, Dingle, Killarney, Kenmare, and Listowel. The coast- 

 guard, which numbers 118 men and 12 officers, is distributed among 

 26 stations. In September 1852 there were 168 National schools in 

 operation, attended by 12,647 male, and 13,879 female children. 

 Clauical schools are common, and there is a very general turn for 

 claarical learning among the peasantry, many of whom have some 

 knowledge of the Latin language. In November 1852 there was no 

 savings bank in the county. 



Kerry has its name from Ciar, the son of Fergus, king of Ulster, 

 and signified Ciar's kingdom ; and originally formed part of the king- 

 dom of Deamond, or South Munster, of which the Mac Carthies were 

 sovereigns. Dermond Mac Carthy, chief of this country, having invited 

 the assistance of Raymond le Oros, one of the early Anglo-Norman 

 adventurers, to suppress the rebellion of his son Cormac, granted him 

 as a recompense for his services a large tract in the north of the 

 county round Lixnaw, where Raymond, about A.D. 1177, settled his 

 son Maurice, from whom the Fitzmauricea, lords of Kerry, draw their 

 pedigree, and the barony of Clanmaurice takes its name. Soon after, 

 the Fit^^ralds established themselves in the south of the county, 

 where they rose to such power on the downfall of the Mac Carthys, 

 that in 1295 Thomas Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald was captain of all 

 Desmond, comprising the counties of Cork, Waterford, and Kerry, 

 and lord-justice of Ireland. He left two sons, John, afterwards created 

 earl of Kildare, and Maurice, created earl of Deamond, with a royal 

 jurisdiction over the palatinate of Kerry. The rebellion of Oer^d, 

 the sixteenth earl, in the reign of Elizabeth, caused the final suppression 

 of their autliority and the confiscation of their estates. 



On the breaking out of the rebellion of 1641, the Irish again took 

 arms, and after compelling the English who held Tralee to aarrender, 

 kept possession of the county till 1652, when Ludlow reduced them 

 to subjection. Extensive confiscations of the estates of the naUve 

 Irish again followed. 



Kerry contains several monuments of a very remote antiquity, of 

 which the most remarkable are the Cyclope.in stone fortresses of 

 Cahirconree, Staig, near the road from Kenmare to Waterville, and 

 Cahir Donnell, not far from Derrynane Abbey ; and the sepulchral 

 stones with ogham inscriptions in the neighbourhood of Dingle. 

 Stone cells, probably of the 6th and 7th centuries, are still standing 

 on the greater Skellig Island, at Ventry, and at Smerwick. There 

 are a roimd lower at Hattoo, near the river Brick, one on an island in 

 Lough Currane, part of another at Aghadoe, and a fourth formerly 

 stood near the cathedral of Ardfert. There are also the remains of 

 thirteen religious houses and thirty feudal castles. 



KEkTSCH. [Crimea.] 



KESH. [Fermanagh.] 



KESTEVEN. [Liscolkshiub.] 



KESWICK, Cumberland, England, a market-town in the parish of 

 Crostbwaite, is situated in 54° 36' N. lat, 3° 7' W. long., distant 

 80 miles S. by W. from Carlisle, and 291 miles N.W. by N. from 

 London by road. The population of the town of Keswick in 1851 

 was 2618. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry and 

 diocese of Carlisle. 



Keswick is pleasantly situated on the left bank of the river Qreta, 

 near the foot of Derwent Water. The town consists chie&y of one 

 street, in which are some good stone houses ; it is lighted with gas 



Keswick is generally regarded sm the head-quarters of visitors to the 

 lakes and mountains of Cumberland ; and upon the visitors the pros- 

 perity of the town is to a great extent dependent. The parish church 

 of Crosthwaite is about half a mile N. from the town. It is a spacious 

 edifice of the perpendicular style. In it is a recumbent statue in 

 memory of Southey the poet, whose residence, Greta Hall, was close 

 by. Keswick church is a neat early English structure, erected in 

 1848. The Independents, Wesleyan Methodists, and Plymouth 

 Brethren have places of worship. Crosthwaite Free Grammar school, 

 a very old foundation, has an income from endowment of 115?. a year, 

 and harl 130 scholars in 1852. There are besides a school for boys 

 and girls, with a piece of ground for the boys to work in, an Infant 

 school, a public library and reading-room, two museums for preserving 

 specimens of the mineral wealth of the district, and a savings bank. 

 A county court is held in the town. The market-day is Saturday ; 

 fairs are held at Whitsuntide and Candlemas. Mines from which 

 black-lead is obtained are at Borrowdale, near Keswick. The black- 

 lead is made into pencils and carried to London for sale. Some of 

 the inhabitants are employed in the manufacture of woollen-cloth and 

 fancy waistcoatings, and the making of edge tools. Char, taken in 

 Buttermere Lake, about 7 miles from Keswick, are potted, in the 

 town, and gent to various parts of the country. In the town-hall, a 

 neat structure with a tower, there is an excellent model of the lake 

 district, constructed by Mr. Joseph Flintoft. 



KETTERING, Northamptonshire, a market-town and the seat of 

 a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Kettering, is aituated in 52° 25' 

 N. lat, 0° 44' W. long., diatant 13 miles N.N.E. from Northampton, 

 and 74 miles N.N.W. from London by road. The population of the 

 town of Kettering in 1851 was 6125. The living is a rectory in the 

 archdeaconry of Northampton and diocese of Peterborough. Kettering 

 Poor-Law Union contains 28 parishes and townships, with an area of 

 50,111 acres, and a population in 1851 of 18,002. 



The town of Kettering contains many well-built houses and 

 respectable shops, and a spacious market-place. A sessions-house and 

 lock-up has been recently erected. The town is lighted with gas. 

 The church is a large and handsome building in the perpendicular 

 style, with a fine tower and hexagonal crocketed spire at the west 

 end. The date of the tower ia about 1450; portions of the church 

 are of much earlier date. The Independents, Baptists, Wesleyan 

 Methodists, and Quakers have places of worship. There are in the 

 town a Free school, which has an income from endowment of 1552. a 

 year, and had 22 acholars in 1852, National and British schools, a 

 reading-room and library, a savings bank, and a dispensary. Wool- 

 stapling and wool-combing are carried on ; there is a considerable 

 manufacture of shoes : and silk-weaving employs some of the 

 inhabitants. The market is on Friday ; fairs are held four times in 

 the vear. A county court is held in the town. 



KETZKEMET. [Hunoabt.] 



KEW. [SURBET.) 



KEY or KI ISLANDS are a group of considerable extent in the 

 Indian Archipelago, situated between 5° 20' and 6° 30' 3. lat., and 

 between 132° 30' and 133° 40' E. long. Three inlands are rather krge, 

 and are called Great Key, Little Key, and Key Watela. The number 

 of the smaller ones ia not known, as they are rarely visited by 

 Europeans. 



They rise to a moderate elevation above the sea, and all the heights 

 are overgrown with forest-trees. The inhabitants are eni;aged in 

 ship-building to a considerable extent ; a great number of the small 

 vessels that ply in the eastern seas are built in the harbour of Doola, 

 which lies on the western coast of Little Key. There ia no town at 

 Doola; but the harbour ia large and surrounded by numerous 

 Tillages. Banda obtains from this place provisions and cattle, for 

 which European and Indian goods are received ; these are partly 

 re-exported from the harbour of Elie, which lies on the eastern shores 

 of Great Key, and is famous for its manufacture of earthenware. 

 Many of the inhabitants are occupied with fishing trepang, which ia 

 largely exported. The inhabitants of the group have generally 

 embraced Mohammedanism. Many families from Banda and Ceram 

 have settled among them. The islanders have attained a considerable 

 degree of civilisation. They are stated to be friendly to foreigners 

 and honest in their dealings. Besides provisions, which are abundant, 

 timber, tortoise-shell, cocoa-nut oil, kc, are the chief products. 



KEY, WEST. [Florida.] 



KEYNSHAM, Somersetshire, a town and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, in the parish of Keynsham, is situated ou the left bank of the 

 river Avon, in 51° 24' N. lat, 2° 29' W. long., distant 6 miles 

 N.W. by W. from Bath, 110 miles W. by S. from London by road, 

 and IISJ miles by the Great Western railway. The population of the 

 parish of Keynsham in 1851 was 2318. The living ia a vicarage in 

 the archdeaconry of Bath, and diocese of Bath and Wells. Keynsham 

 Poor-Law Union contains 19 parishes and chapelries, with an area of 

 32,129 acres, and a population in 1851 of 21,613. 



Keynsham was formerly a market-town. It consists chiefly of one 

 long street The pariah church is a spacious buildinir, partly decorated 

 and partly perpendicular in style, with a lofty tower. In the town 

 are a chapel for Baptists, an Endowed school, and an almshouse. 

 Flax-manufactories and copper-mills near the town give employment 

 to some of the inhabitants. At Keynsham the Avon ia croaaed by a 



