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KINGSCOURT. 



KINGTOK. 



lis 



present Queen's County. The fort of Dangan, an old seat of the 

 O'Connors, princes of Offaly, was at the same time made the shire 

 town, and called Philipstown, in compliment to the kinu; consort. 



The ruins of the seven churches of Clonmacuoise, situated on the 

 left bank of the Shannon, in the north-western part of this county, 

 form one of the most interesting groups of ecclesiastical remains in 

 Ireland. St. Kieran of Clonard founded the abbey of Clonmacnoise 

 A.D. 543. It was subsequently raised to the rank of a cathedral 

 church, and so continued till 15GS, when the see of Clonmacnoise was 

 united to that of Meath. The ruius are inclosed by a wall, at two of 

 the angles of which are ancient round towers. The buildiuffs within 

 the precincts are chiefly chapels, erected over family burying-places 

 by various Irish kings and chieftains. The place exhibits more 

 numerous remains of ancient monuments than any other cemetery in 

 Ireland. Two monumental crosses, richly carved, stand near the 

 western door of the chapel called Temple MacDermot. One of these, 

 15 feet in height, is formed of a single stone. The remains of several 

 other religious houses are in the immediate vicinity. The entire 

 group occupies a gently swelling bank, rising from the Shannon. 

 Twenty-eight other religious houses are enumerated in this county, of 

 which the chief were — Birr; Durrow, founded in 550; Gallen on the 

 Brosna, founded in the 5th century ; Mouastereoros, near Edenderrj-, 

 founded by John Bermingham, earl of Louth, in the year 1325 ; and 

 Seirkieran, near Birr, founded in 402, by St. Kieran the Elder, and 

 for some time a cathedral church. There are numerous remains of 

 feudal castles, chiefly of the Elizabethan era. Leap Castle, situated 

 on a declivity of Slieve Bloom, in a strong and commanding position, 

 is still inhabited ; as are also Cloghan Castle and the castle of Birr. 



KINGSCOURT, county of Cavan, Ireland, a small town consisting 

 of one long straggling street, is situated 2 1 miles E. by S. from Cavan ; 

 the population in 1S51 was 1143. The town stands on a neck of land 

 where the counties of Meath, Cavan, Louth, and Monaghau meet. It 

 contains several gooil houses, a neat church, and a large Roman 

 Catholic chapel. There is a good weekly market on Tuesday for 

 agricultural produce ; thirteen fairs are held in the ycir. A resident 

 magistrate ia stationed in the town, which has a dispensary and a loan 

 fund. Petty sessions are held here. 



KINGSLAND. [Backset.] 



KINO'S LYNN. [Lths.] 



KINO'S NORTON, Worcestershire, a village and the seat of a 

 Poor-Law Union, in the parish of King's Norton, ia situated in 52° 24' 

 N. lat, V 66' W. long., distant 24 miles N.E. by N. from Worcester, 

 114 miles N.W. from London by road, and 119 miles by the London 

 and North- Western railway. The population of the parish of King's 

 Norton was 7759 in 1851. The living ia a perpetual curacy in the 

 archdeaconry and diocese of Worcester. King's Norton Poor-Law 

 Union contains five parishes, with an area of 27,066 acres, and a popu- 

 lation in 1851 of 30,871. 



The parish of King's Norton is of considerable extent, covering an 

 area of 1 1,970 acres, but there is little to notice in the village. 'The 

 parish church, an ancient structure, perpendicular in style, with a 

 handsome spire, is commodious, and contains some interesting monu- 

 ments. There are two chapels for Methodists, and one each for 

 Baptists and Unitarians. King Edward VI.'s Free school had 15 

 scholars on the foundation and 25 other scholars in 1 852. Ounmaking 

 is carried on in the village and neighbourhood. An annual fair ia held 

 on Slay 6th. Some very old overhanging half-timber houses are in 

 the vilhige. The Birmingham and Worcester Canal passes through a 

 tunnel about two miles long a short distance southward from King's 

 Norton. 



KINGSTON. [Elgwshire.] 



KINGSTON. fCAN.vDA; Jauaic-U 



KINOSTON-UPON-HULL. [Hull.] 



KINGSTON-UPON-THAMES, Surrey, a market-town, municipal 

 borough, and the seat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Kingston, 

 is situated on the right bank of the Thames, in 51" 24' N. lat., 0° 18' 

 W. long., distant 17 miles N.E. from Guildford, 13 miles S.W. from 

 London by road, and 12 miles by the London and South- Western 

 railway. The po]nilation of the town of Kingston-upon-Thames in 

 1851 was 6279. The borough is governed by 6 aldermen and 18 

 councillors, one of whom is mayor. The living is a vicarage with the 

 vicarage of Richmond annexed, in the archdeaconry of Surrey and 

 diocese of Winchester. Kingston Poor-Law Union contains 13 parishes 

 and townships, with an area of 25,080 acres, and a population in 1851 

 of 26,788. 



Kingston is a place of great antiquity. Many Roman antiquities 

 luiTe'been found near the town, and some antiquaries have con- 

 tended for this being the spot where Caisar crossed the Thames. It 

 was a place of note in the Anglo-Saxon times : seven of the Anglo- 

 Saxon princes were crowned here. A stone, believed to be that on 

 which the Saxon monarcbs sat at their coronation, formerly stood by 

 the church ; in 1 850 it wss removed to an open space near the assize- 

 courts, and mounted on an ornamental granite pedestal, on the base 

 of which is inscribed the names and dates of the kings crowned at 

 Kingston. A railing with pillars at the seven angles surrounds the 

 (tone. The first charter granted to the town was by John, in 1199. 

 Kingston sent members to Parliament in the reigns of Edwai-d H. and 

 Edward III., but not since. 



UKoa mv, VOL. lu. 



Kingston extends about half a mile along the Thames, and about 

 a quarter of a mile inland, at the junction of the Hog's Mill River 

 with the Thames. It ia irregularly laid out ; the streets are lighted 

 with gas. The parish church is an ancient building, but has under- 

 gone numerous alterations and repairs : it is cruciform, with a central 

 tower. In the interior ai-e several interesting monuments. At 

 Surbiton, or New Kingston, is a district church, erected in 1845 at 

 the expense of Miss Coutts. There is a chapel for Independents, a 

 coimty court-house, and a county house of correction. The town-hall, 

 which was erected in 1838 in the centre of the market-place, is a 

 handsome building. Queen Elizabeth's Free Grammar school, founded 

 in 1561, is held in an ancient edifice formerly a chapel dedicated to 

 St. Mary Magdalen : the income from endowment is 6ot. a year ; the 

 number of scholars in 1853 was 50 ; the school is free to none. There 

 are large National schools, a Blue-Coat school, and an Infant school, 

 almshouses for six aged men and six aged women, some parochial 

 charities, and a savings bank. The bridge over the Thames is of 

 stone, with five ai'ches ; it was erected in 1827, at an expense of 

 40,000i., in place of the ancient wooden bridge which previously 

 stood here. The chief business of the town is malting ; there is also 

 ^ considerable coal trade. There are brick- and tile-works and market- 

 gardens round the town, and breweries and oil-mills in it. A market 

 is held on Saturday for com, cattle, pigs, and provisions. There are 

 three yearly fairs ; the chief fair is one for cattle, sheep, and hoi-ses, 

 held on November 13th and seven following days. General and petty 

 sessions are held in the town ; the Michaelmas quarter sessions and 

 the Lent assizes for the county are held here, also a county court. 



KINGSTOWN, county of Dublin, Ireland, a sea-port town and the 

 mail-packet station of the city of Dublin, is situated in the pari.^h of 

 Monkstowu, barony of Rathdown, distant 6 miles E.S.E. by railway 

 from Dublin. The population in 1851 was 10,453. This place was 

 called Dunleary till September 3rd, 1821, when the name was changed 

 to Kingstown to commemorate the embarkation of George IV. for 

 England, which circumstance is recorded on a granite obelisk near the 

 wharf Although an ancient place, it was a mere fishing village and 

 collier haven till the new harbour-works were commenced in 1817. 

 Since then the town has been greatly extended, so that Kuigstowu 

 may now be said to include not only Dunleary, but also Monkstowu, 

 Bullock, and Dalkey. The haibour, the formation of which has already 

 cost above 700,000/., is described in the article Dublix County. The 

 harbour has not proved so useful as was expected, owing to the 

 anchorage being very much exposed. The number of vessels that 

 entered Kingstown harbour in 1851 was 2126, of the aggregate burilen 

 of 257,367 tons, exclusive of men-of-war, cruisers, and mail packets ; of 

 this number 1117 were vessels trading to or from the port of Dublin. 

 The city of Dublin royal mail steam-packets sail twice a day with the 

 mail and government despatches to Holyhead ; there is besides daily 

 communication by steamers with Cork, Liverpool, Holyhead, and 

 Chester, and packets sail regularly to Loudon and other important 

 towns. The chief exports are cattle, corn, lead-ore, and granite ; the 

 imports consist chiefly of coal, iron, and timber. The beauty of the 

 situation, the salubrity of the air, the picturesque country around the 

 town, the arrival and departure of the steam-vessels, and the bustle 

 connected with the shipping, have contributed to make Kingstown a 

 place of great resort : it ia also much fi-equented as a watering-place. 

 The principal street is George's-street, extending above half a mile in 

 length. There are numerous avenues, terraces, and parades, some of 

 which are uniformly built, and present a handsome appearance. 

 Besides the parish church, which is at Monkstowu, there are a large 

 and handsome Roman Catholic chapel, St. Mary's convent, a Free 

 church, the Maruiers church, and places of worship for Presbyterians, 

 Methodists, and Quakers. The Kingstown terminus of the riulway to 

 Dublin, and the tunnel of the atmospheric railway to Dalkey, are in 

 front of the harbour. There are a petty sessions court-house, police 

 and coast-guard stations, a savings bank, lying-in hospital, dispensary, 

 National and other schools, and commodious baths. 'Phe town ia 

 lighted with gas. The paving and lighting of the town is managed by 

 a board of 18 commissioners. There are remains of old castles at 

 Monkstowu and Bullock, and of three in the village of Dalkey. 

 KJni;stown is the station of the lioyal St. George's Yacht Club. 



KINGSTOWN. [Vi.vxENT, St.] 



KINGTON, Herefordshire, a market-town and the seat of a Poor- 

 Law Union, in the parish of Kington, is situated in 52° 12' N. lat., 

 3° 1' W. long., distant 19 miles N.W. by W. from Hereford, and 154 

 miles W.N.W. from Loudon. The jxjpulatiou of the joint township 

 of Old and New Kington in 1851 was 1939. The town is governed 

 by a bailiflf. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry and diocese 

 of Hereford. Kington Poor-Law Union contains 26 parishes and 

 towushiiw, with an area of 70,957 acres, and a population in 1851 of 

 11,653. 



Kington is pleasantly situated on the river Arrow ; the greater part 

 of the town is on the left bank. The town is lighted with gas. The 

 church ia a fine but irregular structure, chiefly of the decorated style ; 

 it was dedicated by Bishop Orleton to the Virgin Mary on the 18th 

 of April, 1325. The Independents, Baptists, and Wesleyan and 

 Primitive Methodists have places of worship. Lady Hawkins's Free 

 school, which baa an income of 2102. a yeai-, had 30 scholars in 1860. 

 There are National schools and a savings bank. A county court ia 



2£! 



