﻿LSITRnL 



LEMBERO. 



a poor Tillaj^ 8 miUt N.E. from Carrick-oo-Shuinon, u ntiuttcd in 

 the barony of I/eitrim, and U notioad only a* being faniou* for iU 

 ■took lain, of wbioii 10 art held in tha ^ear. J^romod, a rillaga 10 

 milaa 8. by E. from Ckrriok-aaAaiuioa, u prettily ntuatod on tha 

 •aaUrn abore of Loach BoSn, aa aspaoaioD of ths Shannon, and ha< a 

 popolatioD ofSlS. Aa Dt^libonrfaood of thi* town preaanta, parfaapa, 

 the finaat lea a ae y in tha oonnty. Six annual fairs are held in Dromod. 

 DromaAtur, a ainall neat Tillaga of <MC inhabitants, ia prettily utuated 

 in the Talley of the Bonnet, 83 mitea N. by W. from Otrriok-oQ- 

 Shannoo. Hera aia the mine of an oM oaatle of the O'Roiirka, and a 

 fortiSad mansion, ereotad br Sir E. ViUiera in 1626, which ha« been 

 of late partially repaired. Near the village are the ruiua of Creevelea 

 Abbey, and some other oonTentuitl remaina. Vntmkemat, population 

 400, a TilUfe in the barony of Dromahair, about S milea from the 

 northern extremity of Lough Allen, baa a church, a Roman Catholic 

 ohapel, a dinpeniary, and a petty aeniona oourt A mailet is held 

 wtMj on Wednesday, and fairs are held eleven times in the year. 

 J k tmikamli ia sitoatod half a mile east of the aouthem extremity of 

 Loogh Allen : population, 622. There are a dispensary and a petty 

 ■esBons court in the town. The completion uf the navigation of the 

 Shannon, and the fonnatiou of a harbour at the junction of the short 

 lateral canal of the Shannon with the southern extremity of Lough 

 Allen, have rendered this an improving place. A market is held 

 weekly on Friday, and nine yearly fain are held. Dmm t na, 4 miles 

 8.K from Carrick-on-Shannon, population 384, is beautifully situated 

 on the mail-coach road to Dublin, and on the left bank of the 

 Shannon, which is here crossed by a bridge of 8 arches. The 

 viUafte, which is nearly surrounded by the plantations of Mount 

 Campbell, the demesne and residence of J. Rowley, Esq., is neatly built, 

 and has a comfortable, thriving appearance. The river bank is formed 

 iuto quays, where agricultural produce ia shipped. Jamtilovm, a 

 small village of 212 inhabitants, is situated about 1 mile W. from 

 Drumsna, and on the left bank of the Shannon. Jamestown was 

 formerly a walled town and a parliamentary borough, and returned 

 two members to the Irish House of Commons. Of the fortifications 

 there rrmain some old walls and a gateway ; there are also some 

 vtntigns of the castle built here by Sir C. Coote in 1623 to command 

 the passage of the Shannon. The river is here crossed by a bridge of 

 ■even ard^ea. The town was named in honour of James I., who 

 Ranted it a charter of incorporation in the 19th year of bis reign. 

 The Shannon between Drumsna and Jamestown forms a beautiful curve, 

 the concave side of which is entirely occupied with the extensive 

 well-wooded park of Charlestown, the seat of Sir Gilbert King, Bart 

 A market is held on Saturday, and four fairs are held in the vear. 

 Kiltydoghtr, population 321, a village poaseaaing a market, which is 

 held weekly on Friday, is situated near the northern border of the 

 county, about 7 miles N.E. from Manorhamilton. Leitrim, population 

 2fi6, besides 182 in an auxiliary workhouse, a miserable village which 



E'ves name to the county and barony of Leitrim, is situated on the 

 It bank of the Shannon, 8 miles N.N.R from Carrick-on-Shannon, 

 and is joined by a bridge to the hamlet of Battlebridge on the Ros- 

 common side of the river. A canal joins the Shannon at Leitrim 

 with the southern extremity of Lough Allen. Lurganboy, a small 

 village, is situated about 2 miles W. from Manorhamilton, at the base 

 of Benbo Mountain, and in the beautiful vale of thn lionnet. Five 

 fain are held here in the year. Lead and copper ores have been found 

 in the mountain above Lurganboy. Newlowngore, population 193, 

 about 4 miles N. by W. from Carrigallen, has a market, which is held 

 weekly on Friday from September to March. Tullaghan, a small village 

 on the sea'«osat about a mile W. from Bundrowes, is frequented by sea- 

 bathers in summer, and has on the land side several marine villas. 



Leitrim lies partly in the diocese of Ardagh, but chiefly in that 

 of Kilmore, I^or to the Union it return^ six members to the 

 Irish parliament ; it now returns two members to the House of Com- 

 mons. Leitrim county is in the Conuaught circuit The assizes for 

 the county are held at Carrick-on-Shannon, where the county jail and 

 court-house are situated. Quarterseasions are held at Carrick-on- 

 Shannon, Ballinamore, and Manorhamilton ; the two last have court- 

 houses and bridewells ; petty-sessions are held in 13 places. The 

 district lunatic asylum, to which the county is entitled to send 34 

 patients, ia at Ballinasloe, in the county of Oalway. The medical 

 charitiaa of the county comprise the county infirmary at Carrick-on- 

 Shannon, a fever hospital at Mohill, and 10 dispensariea. The Union 

 workhotues are at Carrick-on-Shannon, Manorttamilton, and MohiU. 

 Loan funds are in operation in Annaduff and Cloone. The consta- 

 bulary force, numbermg 327 men and officers, has its head-ouarters at 

 Canick-OD-Shaonon, where alio are military barracks. The staff of 

 the county militia is stationed at Mohill. Stipendiary magistrates 

 are stationed at Manorhamilton and Ballinamore ; revenue police at 

 Dn im s h a m bo, Manorhamilton, Drumkeeran, and MohilL The county 

 is in the MiUtary District of Belfast In September 1852 there were 

 116 National schools in operation, attended by 60S6 male and 6269 

 fsmala children. 



Leitrim anciently formed a portion of the territory called Breifne, 

 or Branny O'Boork, to distinguish it from Bronny O'Reily, the present 

 oounty of Cavao. The O'ltourks maintaiue<l their independence until 

 the ruign of Klizabcth, when Iioitrim was first reduoe<l to shirc-grouud. 

 During thu earlier period of Anglo-Irish iustoiy it is said to have formed 



part of the oounty of Rosoommon. Brian O'Rourk broke out into 

 open rebellion in 1588, and assisted by MaoSweeney and a body of 

 Munster troops held the castle of Dromahair until compelled to retreat 

 towards Donegal by Sir Rk^ard Bingham and the Earl of Claoricarde. 

 From thence he fled to Scotland, where he was delivered up to the 

 English authorities by Jamas VI., carried to London, and executed for 

 treason. On the breaking out of O'Donnal's rebellion in 1&96, Teagus 

 O'Rourk, the aon of Brian, joined the SnsuigeDta, and in conjtmction 

 with Maguire, prinoe of Fermanaj^, defaated Sir Conyen Cliffonl in 

 a pass of the Curiew Mountain^ with considerable loss to the English, 

 in the month of June 1697. He finally submitted in 1603, and took 

 out a patent of the reaidue of his estate, which was allotted to him 

 on an English tenure. On the breaking out of the rebellion of 1641, 

 the Irish, headed by Sir Owen O'Rourk, seised all the places of strength 

 in the county, with the exception of the osstliw at Carrick-on-Shannon 

 and Manorhamilton. The confiscations which followed on the termi- 

 nation of these wan included almost all the lands that had been 

 allowed to remain to the native proprietora under former attaindeia, 

 and may be said to have extinguished the family of O'Rourk. 



The remains of antiquity in Leitrim are not very interesting. 

 Then are some ruins of the abbey of Fenagh, founded by St Caillin 

 in the 6th oentury, and celebrated during the eariy period of Iridi 

 church history as a school of divinity. The abbey of Creevelea, near 

 Dromahair, founded by the wife of Owen O'Rourk in 1508, was an 

 extensive pile, of which the principal walls are still standing : it 

 contains some curious tombs and monuments. O'Rourk's Hall at 

 Dromahair, Castle Longfield, Cloncarriok Castle, Castle Car, and 

 several othen now in ruins, belonged to the O'Rourks. Amongst 

 the more modem fortified structures the most perfect is the castle of 

 Manorhamilton, erected in the reign of Elizabeth. 



LEIXLIP. [KiLDABE.] 



LEMAN LAKE (Qenfersee, Lake of Geneva), one of the largest 

 lakes in Europe, extends in the form of a crescent from east to west 

 between Switzerland awl Savoy. Its northern or convex bank, which 

 forms an arc of about 53 miles in length, not reckoning the sinuositias, 

 belongs to the Swiss canton of Vaud, and the southern or concave 

 side, forming an arc of 46 miles, belongs for the greater part to 

 Savoy, the canton of Geneva possessing about 8 miles of it at the 

 south-western, and the canton of Valau 4 miles of it at the south- 

 eastern extremity. Its breadth varies greatly, being between 8 and 

 9 milea in the middle, 4 milea towards ^e eastern extremity between 

 Vevay and St Gingouph, 3 miles in its western part opposite Nyon, 

 after which it becomes narrower, being reduced to 1 mile just beforo 

 reaching Geneva. This narrow part, which ia about 14 milea in length 

 from Nyon to Geneva, is called the Little Lake, and mora eapeoiaJly 

 the Lake of Geneva. The greatest depth of the Leman below the 

 cliflb of Meillerie, on the Savoy abore, u nearly 1000 feet ; it ia 600 

 feet deep near the castle of Chillon, on the opposite ahore, an4 from 

 600 to 300 feet in other placea. The lake seldom if ever freezes; 

 the temperature of its water below 160 feet depth is 41° of Fahrenheit 

 Its suriace is 1160 feet above the level of the sea, but in summer it 

 rises sometimes from 6 to 8 feet lugher, owing to the melting of the 

 snows in the Alps. The water reflects a bright azure tinge Uke that 

 of the Mediterranean Sea. The Rhdne, coming from the Valais, enters 

 the lake at its south-east extremity, where the watera of the river are 

 muddy coloured ; and they issue out of the lake again at Geneva, 

 clear and of a deep blue tinge. The other riven that enter the lake 

 are — 1, the Dranse on the Savoy side, coming 6t>m the Alps of 

 Faucigny ; 2, the Venoge, on the northern or Swiss side, which rises 

 in the Jura and enten the lake between Merges and Lausanne ; 3, the 

 Vevayse, a mountain torrent which rises in the canton of Freyburg, 

 and enten the lake near Vevay. Though the Leman Lake does not 

 abound so much with fish as most of the other Swiss lakes, still it 

 affords some very fine and large sorts, espeeiaUy trout pike, carp, peroh, 

 and a species of salmon called 'omble chevalier,' which is much 

 esteemed. The east and north-east winds aro the most violent on 

 this lake, and when they blow fresh for some time the waves rise to 

 a considerable height ^^^^ the surface of the lake resembles an agitated 

 sea. The most duigerous wind is the Boruand, or south wind, which 

 blows in sudden gusts from the mountains of Savoy. A regular com- 

 munication is kept up between the towns along the ihoras of the lake 

 by means of steiiun-boata. The scenery around this lake has been 

 always a subject of admiration to travdlers. The mountains of tha 

 Chablais, being a lower ofbet of tha Alps, rise dark and abrupt along 

 the southern ^ore, some of their summits being 6000 feet above the 

 lake, and beyond them, through their openings, the spectator from 

 several points of the Swiss coast sees the higher Alps of Faucigny 

 and Mont Blanc itself covered with perpetual snow. The eastern 

 extremity of the lake presents the wild and imposing scenery of the 

 narrow deep entrance into the Valais between the lofty groups of the 

 Dent de Morale and Dent du Midi, between 8000 and 9000 feet high 

 above the lake, while the northern or Swiss coast displays a milder 

 and mora cheering landscape of hills rising, in the form of an amphi- 

 theatre, covered with vineyards and gardens, and studded with 

 numerous towns and villages having all tha appearance of comfort 

 and industry. 



LEMBEKU, LEOPOL, LWOW, the capital of the circle and of the 

 cruwulaad or kingdom of Ualioia, ia situated iu 49° 62' N. lat, 24*> 



