﻿LLANRWST. 



LODDON. 



eao 



palmlenrea. Thrre are etupal* for lodepcodmita, OM Welth BnptiBta, 

 itod other Dis«eiit«n ; National aeboola, and three other public acnooli. 

 The ataple manufnctare of the town is flannel Several factories for 

 carding and apinning woo], fulling-milla, tan-yard«, copper and lead- 

 minea, and a large braaa and iron foundry, give aome employment 

 to the inhabitanta^ Coan« alate and building atone are quarried in 

 the surrounding hills. The mariiet on Saturday is for wool, com, 

 and provisions ; and nine fairs are held in the year, some of vhicli are 

 great sheep-fairs. 



LLANRWST, Denbighshire, a market-town and the seat of a Foor- 

 Law Union, in the parish of Llanrwst, is pleasantly aituated on the 

 right bunk of the river Conway, which here separates DmbiKhKhiro 

 from Caemarronshire, in 63° 8' N. lat, S' 47' W. long., distant 

 17 miles W. by S. from Denbigh, and 217 miles N.W. by W. from 

 Londou. The population of the parish of Llanrwst in 1851 was 

 39S4. The living is a rectory in the archdeaconry and diocese of 

 St Asaph. Llaurnst Poor-Law Union contains 17 parishes and town- 

 ship*, with a population in 1851 of 12,478. 



The town of Llanrwst is encompassed with well-wooded hills. The 

 houses are irregularly built ; the streets, with the exception of that 

 in which the town-hall stands, nrc narrow. The bridge over the Con- 

 way, erected about 200 years ngo, from designs by Inigo Jones, consists 

 of three arches ; the span of the middle arch is 69 feet The parish 

 church is an elegant structure of recent erection ; the Gwydir chapel, 

 conntructt'd in 1 633, from a design by Ini^o Jones, was for a consider- 

 able time the burial-place of the Owydir family, and contains numerous 

 interesting monuments and incised brasses. There are chapels for 

 Baptists, Independents, and Methodists ; National schools, and some 

 almshouses. Tnesday is the market-day ; nine fairs are held in the 

 course of the year. Coracles are used for fishing in the Conway : the 

 tide flows to within a mile and a half from the bridge, and in sprini^- 

 tides boats of 12 tons can ascend the river. A county court is held in 

 the town. Llanrwst is a favourite station for anglers. 



LLANTRI8SENT. [OLAMOROAireBiBE.] 



LLANTWIT. [OLAMOBOASfSHlRB.] 



LLERENA. [EsTREiCADURA, Spnnish.] 



LLUUOHOR. [CAERMABTnE>!BRIIUt.] 



LLYSWEN. [Brecknockshire.] 



LLYWELL. [iBBECKNOCUiHIBE.] 



l6, ST. [Maschb.] 



LOAN DA. [Angola.] 



LOANGK), on the West Coast of Africa, is the most northern of the 

 four countries or districts which are said to have anciently constituted 

 the kingdom of Congo, as explained in the articles Akgola and CoKOO. 

 It extends along the coast from Cape Lopez Oousalvo in 0° 44' S. la*'!, 

 to the river Congo or Zaire, which separates it from Congo in about 

 6* S. lat. To the north it is said to be bounded by Gabon, or Pongo, 

 and to the east by the country called Mokoko, or Anziko. It is said 

 to extend about 200 miles from the coast towards the interior of 

 Africa. The country is described by Dapper and other early writers 

 to b« divided into several districts, among which the following names 

 occur: — Hayomba, or Majumba, Kilongo, Piri, Wansi, Loangiri, Loango- 

 mongo, Sette, and QobbL 



Loango, the capital town, called by the natives Banza Loangiri, is 

 in the province of Loangiri, which occupies the south-western angle 

 of the country. It stands in a large plain, at the distance of three 

 miles from the sea, in about 4* 39' S. lat, 12° 17' E. long. The 

 house* are shaded by palm-troea. The town is said to be 10 miles 

 round. 



The government, like that generally prevalent among the barbarous 

 tribes of this part of Africa, is the most absolute species of despotism. 

 The kings of Loango are believed by their subjects to be divinities. 

 In particular, they are held to have the power of bringing down rain 

 from the sky ; and this useful prerogative they exercise every year, on 

 the petition of their subjects, with great ceremony. The king has an 

 unlimited number of wives, and his children are counted by hundreds ; 

 his principal revenue is or was derived from the sale of slaves. The 

 mcoaasor to the throne is the king's next eldest brother, or, if he liavo 

 BO brother, the eldest son of his eldest sister. Although the king 

 however is indepen''ent of the nobles, the latter in their own sphere 

 appear to exercire unlimited tvranny over the common people. The 

 religi'jn of the inhabitants, wLo resemble the negroes of Congo, il an 

 idolatry of the most superstitious character. 



A great part of the country is covered with thick woods, and it is 

 mouDUinous only in the interior towards the south. In the north it 

 poae eisM some lake* of considerable extent, from which, nnd from 

 the mountalna, many riven descend to the sea. Among these however 

 there are none of magnitude, with the exception of the Banna, at 

 the mouth of which stands the town of Mayottba, about 6 miles K. 

 from Cape Negro, or nearly in 8° 80' a lat A good dial of copper, 

 ivory, and gum is got in the district of Itayomba. 



Fish forms a great part of the sustenance of the people ; the pro- 

 duce of the soil, which is aiid to yield three harvests in the year with 

 Tety little cultivation, consists of various kinds of grain, such as are 

 raised in the adjacent regions. Among the trees are some dye-woods. 

 The only minerals found in the country seem to be iron and copper. 

 The principal animals are elephant* and ape*. 



LOANO, or LOVANO. [Albwoa.] 



LOBOSITZ. [EotB.] 



LOCANA. [IvBKA.] 



LOCARNO. [Tkino.] 



LOCH F.8. riKDBE bt-Loibk] 



LOCHMABEN, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, an ancient royal burgh, a 

 parliamentary burgh, and market-town, is situated about 9 miles N.E. 

 from Dumfries, and 65 miles 8.W. from Edinburgh. It is governed 

 by a provost, thr<-e bailies, a dean of guild, nnd nine councillors ; and 

 unites with Annan, Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, and Sanquhar in the 

 return of one member to the Imperial Parliament The papulation 

 in 1851 was 1092. The town consists principally of one main street, 

 with the church, a neat and substantial building, at one end, the croaa 

 and town-house at the other, and several small cross streeta. The 

 town-hall, under which is the jail and lock-up bouse, was biult in 1745. 

 There are a Free church, a chapel for United Presbyterians, n subscrip- 

 tion library, an Endowed and a Parish school. During the wiuter 

 there is a weekly maiiet for pork, in which much bnaines* is done. 

 The castle, now in ruins, was formerly a place of great strength ; the 

 works covered neariy 16 acres. 



LOCHWINNOCH. [Resfbewsbibk.] 



LOCKERBIK [Domfbiesbhibb.] 



LOCRIS was employed to designate the country of three distinct 

 Grecian tribes, the Locri Epicnemidii, the Locri Opuntii and the Locri 

 Ozolsc 



The Locri Epicnemidii and Locri Opuntii, who appear to have been 

 more ancient than the Locri Ozoloi, since the latter are not mentioned 

 by Homer, inhabited the eastern coast of Phocis, and were separated 

 from the latter country by a mountain range which stretches from 

 Mount (Eta to the bordera of Bcsotia. The northern pait of this 

 range, which is much higher than the southern, was called Cnemis, 

 whence the Epicnemidii Locri dei%e<l their name. The Opuntii 

 Locri derived their name from Opus, their chief town, on the borders 

 of Bocotia. They pretended to be the most ancient Hellenic people 

 in Greece. 



Coin of Locris, 

 British MoHum, Actual else. Sllrer. 



The Locri Ozolra were bounded on the west by .£tolia, on the north 

 by Doris, on the east by Phocis, and on the south by the Coriuthiaa 

 Gulf According to Strabo (ix. p. 427) they were a colony from the 

 eastern Locri. The origin of their name is uncertain. The western 

 Locrians are s-iid by Thucydides (i. 5) to have been a wild and 

 barbarous people even in the time of the Pcloponnesian war. Their 

 principal towns were Amphissa and Naupactus. JmpAiwo, the capital 

 of the Locri Ozola: (now titUona), an inland town at the bead of the 

 Crissnau Gulf, was destroyed by Philip of Macedon, who acted under 

 the Olden of the Amphictyous, B.C. 338, fur cultivating the sacred 

 plain of Crisso. It was afterwards rebuilt, and in the war with the 

 Komans, B.C. 190, it is mentioned by Livy (xxxvii. 6) as a plaos of 

 considerable importance. Amphissa was 60 stadia, or about 7 milea^ 

 from Delphi. The walls of the ancient acropolis still remain. Salona 

 is now the cnpital of Phocis, and has a population of about 4000. 

 Naupactus (Nepakto. or Lepauto), on the sea-coast on the borden of 

 ./Etolia, was for a long time in the possession of the Athenians, who 

 estabiia^ed there, in ac. 455, at the close of the tliird Messenian war, 

 those Messenian* who quitted Ilhome. On the termination of the 

 Peloponnesian war it fell into the power of Sparta, and in later time* 

 was subject to the i£toliana. Nepakto is reckoned a town of the 

 modem Greek province of .£tolia. It has about 2000 inhabitants. 



The Locri Epizephyrii, who inhabited the south-eastern extremity 

 of Italy, were a colony, according to Ephorus, of the Locri Opuntii, 

 but according to Strabo of the Locri Ozula^. The town built by this 

 colony was called I.ocri Epizephyrii ; scconliug to some accounts it 

 was founded B.C. 710, and according to others B.C. 688. It is supposed 

 to have stood on or near the site of the present town of GeracaL 

 [Calabbia, vol. iL 286.] The Locri Epizephyrii are said to have been 

 the first Greek people who had a written code of laws(Stnbo, vi. 397), 

 which was drawn up by Zaleuous about ac. 664. 



(Pausanius ; Strabo ; MiiUer ; Dorians ; Leake, Northern Ortece.) 



LODDON, a hundred in the county of Norfolk, which with the 

 adjoining hundred of Clavering gives name to a Poor-Law Union. 

 Loddon and Clavering hundreds are bounded 8. by the river Waveuoy, 

 which here separate* Norfolk and Suffolk, and which al^o bounds 

 Clavering hundred on the E. ; on the W. the boimdary is formed by 

 the hundred* of Depwade and Humbleyard ; and on the N. by the 

 hundreds of Uenstead Blowfield and Walsbam. The hundreds of 

 Loddon and Clavering comprise 40 parishes, with on area of 59,401 

 acres, and a population in 1861 of 16,029. Loddon and Clavering 



