﻿lULVERK, ORKAT. 



MA.K, ISLE OF. 



Old MaUtm itaiida aboat a mil* N.E. from New MaltoD, on th« 

 •MM (ids of the rirer. It baa a raiy ancient church, dedicated to 

 gt. Mar;, near which are the remain* of a priorv, founded in 1160, 

 for Oilbertine canon*. The town contain* a \\ ^ayan chapel and 

 •ereral school*. Old Malton i* noted for it* lime-quarriea. 



Malton ia nippoaed ta> hare been one of the oldest Brigantian forti- 

 fied town* in Uii* part of Britain ; and it* importance aa a Roman 

 military station i« indicated by six ancient road* pointing to it. The 

 'finmmrfM callc<l it Camoludunum, which the Saxon* abbreviated to 

 Meldun, Kumerou* Roman ooina, urns, and other remain* have been 

 found here, and entrenchment* are jet visible on the opposite side of 

 the river. After the Norman conquest the baronial family of Vesey, 

 w Da Vcaoi, buUt a castle hare, aa well aa the priory mentioned above. 

 TliU oMtle was demolished by Heniy II. The town, wliich was burnt 

 dvwfl in • siega, was rebuilt in the reign of Stephen, and then received 

 the name of New Malton. A noble castellated mansion was erected 

 •n the aite of the anoient oastle, about the close of the 16tb century, 

 by Ralph, Lor<l Eurv ; but iu 1674 the greater park of the mansion 

 was pulled down. 



lOemmmHieali<m/rom AVw Malton.) 



MALVERN, GREAT, Worcestershire, a watering-place iu the 

 IMish of Great Malvern, is situated in 52° 6' N. lat, 2° 10' W. long., 

 dikant i milea S.W. ftvm Worcester, and 119 miles N.W. by W. from 

 London. The population of the parish in 1841 was 2911 ; in 1851 it 

 WM 3911. The living in a vicarage in the archdeaconry and diocese of 

 Woroeater. Great Malvern occupies a picturesque site on the eastern 

 ude of the Malvern Hilla. It is much resorted to by invalids. The 

 wells are between Great Malvern and Little ilalvem, a small village 

 •boot three milea to the south. The Malvern Hills afford extensive 

 ^ beautiful views into Wales as well as the adjoining English ooun- 

 Uta. Edward the Confessor endowed a monastery at Great Malvern, 

 the church of which, at the dissolution, was purchased by the inhabit- 

 ants, and made parochial. The church is a fine gotliic cruciform 

 building, 170 feet low by 60 feet wide ; the tower, 124 feet high, in 

 the centre of the buiUing, is surmounted with battlements and pin- 

 aades. In Great Malvern are a chapel of the Countess of Hunting- 

 don's Connexion, National and Endowed schools, and a dispensary. 



MALWA. [HiSDCRAN.] 



MALZIEU. [Loz&Ri.] 



MAMER& [SiUiTBB.] 



MAN, ISLE OF, is situated iu the Irish Sea, between 54° 4' and 

 84° 27' N. Ut, 4° 17' and 4° 47' W. long., 28 mUes W. by S. from 

 it. Bees' Head in Cumberland, 16 miloi S. from Burrow Head in 

 BflifftlMid^ and 32 miles E. from the entrance of Lough Strangford in 

 Ireland. Its langth from north-east to south-west is about 84 miles ; 

 its breadtli varies from about 8 to 13 miles, but is much narrower at 

 its extremities ; and its oiroumferenoe is about 75 miles. The area of 

 the island is about 220 square miles. The population iu 1841 was 

 47,976 ; in 1861 it waa 62,887. The Calf of Man ia a small island 

 ritoatsd nearly a mile &W. from the island, and from 3 to 6 miles in 

 aiieumilMraooe. The Kitterlins, another small rooky island, is situated 

 batWMQ tlM Isle and Calf of Man. The Isle of Man ia the ifona of 

 fanr. tbs Mottmpia of Pliny, Monadu of Ftolemseus, Mtnaria of 

 Orosiua and Bade^ and £»UKmia of Nenniua. 



Xho ialand is interaeoted by a ridge of mountains, which runs from 

 aocth-east to south-wsat nearly through its whole length, and chiefly 

 •ecapiaa tha eaotral parts. The heights that form this elevated mass 

 eomposa three ehaios^ separated from eaoh other by high table-lands, 

 MmI Ofowsd by thrsa very narrow openinga. Snafield, the highest 

 pointy is 2004 feet above the level of the sea, and North Berrule rises 

 to the height of 1804 feet. EngUnd, SootUnd, Ireland, and Wales 

 an visible from the summits of the mountains on a dssr day. The 

 Keb, Sulby, and other small streams which flow from the mountains, 

 •ntar the sea at Peel, Laxey, Doug^ and Ramsqr- The ooaat in 

 ■any placaa ia very prscipitoua. 



Books of mioa«ate and clay-slata oompoas all the moontaina. 

 Shaa ilataa form also the coast at Spanish Bead, where aome preoi- 

 pioss aioesd 300 feet in height The summit of one of the cliflb is 

 MOWDsd by a *e-«alled Uruidiral monument. Mica-slate is fouud at 

 Bnaflald, the rounded summit of which is covered with grass. The 

 bass of this mountain is rich in metals. The galena which is found 

 hif* oeirtains from 90 to 180 ounces of silver per ton. Copper pyrites 

 MS ft** onnoas of silver per ton, and black-jack (sulphate of sine) sells 

 fcc 6/. per ton. Clay-alate forma the latKest portion of the isUnd, and 

 •Mriy all the Call A atratiSsd gray stone, which is used in building, 

 k tha asoond variety of clay-eUta The third variety, at SpaniiOi 

 Bmi, is oiwd for lintels, &c The roo&ng slate, drawing alate, and 

 «•■ of a varmilioB colour near Braddah, make up the other varieties 

 U elay-alaU foond in tha iaUnd. The aeoondaty slate formation, 

 I M t iiil on tha priaaiT, cooaista of giaawaoke, srauwaaka-aUts, and 

 old ted-aaadatoiia. and forma the greater part of the rooky aea-ooast of 

 tha islaad, bat does not extend mnob inUnd. There is a bait along 

 the wast coast, about two miles in width, consisting of old red-saud- 

 itoa% of which Pael Castle is built Boulders of sienite, {xirphyry, 

 sod quarts are aoa ttar sd from north to south, snd the blocks of ciay- 

 •lata and mioMdata, mixed with the quarts, prove it to belong to 

 the Isbsd. Ofanite ia situ, containing mica, felspar, and quarts, is 

 found ia blocks on tha north sida of South Barrule. Tha d*ooiii> 



poaition of the felspar forms a fine powder, which is sold for polisliing 

 iron. 



The soil in the south part of tha island is a light clay formed by 

 decomposition of the day-slate. The mountainous district is adapted 

 only for pasture, and iudicious cultun slone can n-nder tha hilly part* 

 pnxluctivo. The soil however iu the level country, extending from 

 Kirk Michael to the north-eastern extremity of the island, consists of 

 ssnd, clay, and peat, and contains excellent marL The soil in the 

 neighbourhood of Castletown is well adapted for wheat, and the 

 abundance of lime supplies the farmer with a cheap manure. The 

 dimate is variable, damp, and windy, but temperate. The highest and 

 lowest temperatures observed ara about 77 and 20° Fahr. reapeo- 

 tively ; the mean annual temperature is about 49*. The annual Uil 

 of rain is about 37 inches. Tlie harvests are frequently late. Wheat 

 and iu aome years potatoes are exported. The largest part of the 

 island is in the hands of yeomen, who farm their own estatea, wiiioh 

 aro from 10 te 200 acres. The Houghton sheep, peculiar to the 

 island, are long in coming to maturity ; their wool is much used for 

 making stockinga. The cattle and horses of the island aro vary 

 small. 



The principal towns in the ialand are Castletown, Docquls, Peel, 

 and Ramsey. CattUUncn, population 2479 in 1861, situated on the 

 south coast, is a neat town, with spacious regular streets, and an open 

 well-built square. The houses ara situated on the opposite sides of a 

 small creek, opening into a bay in the shape of a orescent Castia 

 Rushen, in Castletown, wss biult, acoordiug to tradition, in the year 

 960, by Guttrod, a Danish prince, who is said to have been buried 

 here. The town possesses a neat chapel commenced by Bishop Wilson 

 in 1698, and a college founded in I6C8 by Bishop Banow, which had 

 119 scholars in 1S51. Courts of chancery and common law are held 

 iu Castletown, which is the reaideuoe of the governor. The House of 

 Keys meets here. 



Ped, formerly called Holm Peel, population 2342 in 1861, is on the 

 west coast of the island. The castle, which is built on a small rooky 

 island, incloses an irregular space of more thou two acres, and is sepa- 

 rated from the town by a narrow channel, scarcdy a foot deep at low 

 water. A strong wall, built as a security for the harbour, counecte 

 the island and castle with the mainUnd. St. Patrick's church, within 

 the castle area, was probably built before the Norman conquest ; St 

 Germain's, erected about 1245, ia the cathedral church of the island, 

 but is now ouly used for a buryiug-place. Peel has besides a pariah 

 church, a cb»pel for Methodists, and an Endowed school, founded in 

 1740, which had 20 schoUrs in 1852. 



Satiuey, population 2701 in 1851, is situated on a spacious bay, 

 whero there is safe anchorage, on the north-eastern coast of the island. 

 It is built in a stra^Uog and irregular manner. In this town the 

 courte of law for the north part of the island aro held. 



The only village of any considerable size is BoUomHo, situated a 

 short distance north of Castletown, on the road to Douglas. The 

 names of the other villages on the island ara Andreas, Ballaugh, Calf- 

 of-Man Isle, Colby, Dorbyhaven, Kiondroughad, Laxey, Miohawl, Fort 

 Erin, Port St Mary, and Sulby. 



The esteblished religion is that of the Church of England. The 

 island gives title to a buhop, whose seat is supposed to have been fixed 

 at Sodor in the 0th century, but the site of this place is not now 

 luiowu. The bishop of Sodor and Man, whose authority is wholly 

 confined to this island, is a suffragan of the archbishop of York. He 

 has no seat in the House of Lords. The income of the see is 2000/L 

 a year ; the number of benefices is 25. The bishop lias an archdeacon, 

 vicar-general, registrar and secntary to assist him in managing the 

 a&irs of his diocese. In 1851 there wera 132 places of worship ia 

 the isliind, of which 59 belonged to Wesleyon Methodists, 3U to the 

 Church of England, 37 to Primitive Methodists, 4 to Roman CitthoUos, 

 2 to Presbyterians, and 1 to Iude|>endenta. The total number of 

 sittings provided was 32,985. Tha isUud possesses several local 

 institutions. The House of Keys has both a legislative and judicial 

 character; it oousiste of 24 of the principal coinmonora of the island. 

 The two deemsters have equal jurisdiction, and ara judges in civil 

 and criminal cases. The Court of Chancery u held eight times in the 

 year, whora the governor acts as chancellor, with the assistance of the 

 det'iusters and other diief officera. The Court of Exchequer is gune- 

 rally held immediatdy after the Court of Chancery, and the governor, 

 aaaisted by the deenuter, is sole judge. The common-law courts are 

 held at different places for the different 'sheadings' iuto which the 

 island is divided, called Glenfoba, Michael, Ayre, Uarff, Middle, and 

 Rushen. There is a general jail-delivery twice in the year. The 

 high bailiffs, who act as magistrates in the five towns of th* island, 

 were esteblished in 1777, and can hear and determine all causes 

 undsr 40t. ; it is their duty also to maintain the peace and apprehind 

 offinden. There ara no barristars, aod the servioea of attorneys 

 are in many cases readared unnaoessary by the party plaadmg his own 

 cause. 



The Manx language, a dialect of the Celtic, is spoken by tha 

 inhabitante ; but English is generally understood. The elemente of 

 education are teught in parochial schools, which were established by 

 Bishop Barrow iu 1606. The number of day school* in 1861 was 

 126, with 6333 scholars, and of Sunday school* 87, with 6894 *aholars. 



Between 200 and 300 vessels, avsrsging about 10 hands eaoh, and 



