﻿MUKICH. 



MUNICH. 



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whoM ewnred eupa do not raaoh quit* up to the corbelling of ths gable, 

 divide tbe faf»de into three oompartnMnte, the miildlo and widest of 

 which oonUiDs a rich portal, with recadiog oolunius Kod arobei, with 

 a bae-relief in the lunette orer tbe eqaare^eaded door, and a atatue 

 on each uJ« of the canopy which orowns this entrance. Above it ii a 

 latge roae window ; and in aadi of the other oompartmeota are two 

 round-headed window*, on* aboTe the other. Tbe body of the chapel 

 ii 105 feet in length within, ezeluaire of the apais at ita weatem 

 •ziremity, which ia derated about 8 feet aboTe the reat of the pave- 

 aant, and gives about 80 feet more. Thii space oonaista of two square 

 oompartmenta of SO feet, ooverad each by pendentivea and a dome, 

 and united by an intermediate narrower space. On each side these 

 oompartmenta have below three droular-headed arches on columns, 

 opeidng into side aialaa; and abore as many windows of the same 

 form, not immediately over the arohea, but at the back of the upper 

 recesses that cover the aialea below. Consequently the width in the 

 upper part of the building is, in appearance at least, greatly extended. 

 It is difficult to convey a distinct notion of the profuse and goi-geous 

 yet solcQiu deooratious of tbe whole interior : the paTemeiits, walls, 

 ■rdiei, pendentives, domes — all is embellishment ; and all that is not 

 BiarUe or mosaic is painting and gold. Tbe columns are of red 

 SaUtntg marble, with white bases and gilded capitals ; the socle, or 

 bottom of the walls, is also of red marble throughout ; and tbe upper 

 part to the height of the upper aisles is encrusted with different 

 ooloored marbles or scagliola. All the rest is entirely covered with 

 fteico painting, upon a gold ground. The subjects were designed, 

 and executed by Heas and his pupils ; those of the first compartment 

 and its cupola are symbolical of the events of the Old Testament ; 

 those of the other, of the New, while those introduced in the large 

 intarvening arch refer to the connection between the two. Many of 

 the figures are colossal ; those for instance, of tbe Redeemer and of tbe 

 Dei^ behind the principal altar, which may be considered as the focus 

 where the power of art is concentrated, the subjects here being illus- 

 trations of the Seven Sacraments. The building was consecrated and 

 opened for service November 1, 1S37. 



On the south side of this magnificent chapel is what was formerly 

 the Hof, or Court Theatre, but it is uot now made use of as such, tbe 

 larger and adjoining building on the south being now the principal 

 theatre. This structure, which has a fine octastyle Corintbian portico 

 painted in polychrome towards the Max-Joseph's I'latz, was originally 

 erected by Karl Fischer, and rebuilt according to the first design, after 

 being burnt down in 1623. On tbe south ride of the same square is 

 the new facade of what was formerly tbe Diiring Palace, but ia now 

 eonvarted into the post-office. The length is 290 feet, tbe whole of 

 which, exclusive of 32 feet at each side, is occupied by an open loggia 

 of IS arches, resting upon Doric columns, with as many windows 

 above them, beaidea two in each of the end compartments, that is, one 

 on the ground-floor and one above it. The whole is crowned by a 

 oomicione, with an enriched band or narrow frieze beneath it, the 

 pattern of which is white upon a red ground ; for this building also 

 exhibits, to a certain extent, the application uf polycbromy. On tbe 

 wast side of tbe Odeon-Platz are the Odeou aud Leucbtcnlwrg Palace, 

 whose opposite fronts towards tbe street that runs between them 

 present two handsome and uniform fafacies in the Italian style, of two 

 stories above the ground-floor, of II windows in each, aud with a 

 ■mall Doric portico, or entrance porch, of 4 columns. The large 

 concert- or ball-room, on the principal floor of tbe Odeon, is 124 feet 

 by 71 feet, and SO feet bigb. West of the Odeon ia tbe Wittelsbacher- 

 Flati, in which is a bronze statue of the elector Maximilian 1., cast 

 from tbe Turkish cannon taken in the Greek war, after a model by 

 Tborwaldacn. 



Northward fVom tbe Odeon-Platz runs the Ludwiga-Strasse, by far 

 the handsomest and most regular ttrvet iu Muuicli, having on its east 

 tide the Kriegs-Miniaterium, tbe public Ubrury, aud Ludwigs-Kirche; 

 oo Ha western aide tbe Maximilian Palace, Blind lurtitute, &o. ; it 

 widens out at ita northern end in a apacioua qundningli*, on one side 

 of which stretches the solemn white msss uf the university buildings ; 

 on the other tbe pale ttone-coloured, severe-looking Jesuits College ; 

 •ad tarmhiates in tbe magnificent triumphal arch of tbe Sieges-Tbor. 

 Tbe Maximilian Palace is a large insulatetl structure in tbe Italian 

 i^le, of about 200 by 800 feet. The fkfade towards the Ludwif^ 

 Btra as a (206 feet) baa three large arched doors in tbe centre, between 

 fbor insulated Doric columns supporting a balcony, in front of tbe 

 thns centre windows above. On each side of this portal are five 

 windowa, which are rouud-beaded within square dressings. Those of 

 both the upper floors are square-headed, tbe first with pediments, 

 Um Mccod without. 



Tb« next building, almost immediately opposite the preceding, is 

 Um KriagrMiniaterium, or war-office, and is the work of the same 

 ■rdiltact (Von Kleiue). The fafade, 248 feet in length, is also in the 

 Florentine style, and consists of a centre having seven large arcades, 

 ftUad-in with door and windows on the ground-floor, and two stori-s 

 above it, with two wings or lateral diviaiuna, five windowa in width, 

 •nd a story lower. The spsndrsU of the seven aroadea of the grouud- 

 floor are filled up with mdiUry Iropbiea and armour, which mass of 

 sculpture gives unusual richness and character to the whole. The 

 building stands at the angle of the Sohonfelda-Straaae, towania which 

 street its south side prtaents a far more extensive and varied fajade 



(888 feet), uniform as to general stvle, but different as to oompositiou, 

 it being divided into a centre and two advanced wings, oonneoted on 

 each aide by four arcades with windowa iu them, similar to those of 

 the other front. 



Immediately to the north of the Kriegs-Miniaterium is the new 

 public library and archive, wboee lofty fofade (495 feet in length) is a 

 compound of the Florentine and Lombardic atyles. Tbe lower floor 

 forms a massive rusticated basement, 44 feet high, vrith three portals 

 in its centre. Each of tbe upper floors has 2S arched windows, and 

 tbe whole is crowned with a cornice of very peculiar deaign. The 

 Ubrary is capable of containing 2,000,000 of volumes ; the number at 

 present in it is variously estimated at 400,000 and 640,000 volumes ; 

 the number of manuscripts amounts to 22,000. 



Nearly opposite tbe Ludwigs-Kirche are the Blind Institute and 

 what is called the Damenstift (Ladies' College), two more of those 

 extensive masses of building which give so much grandeur to this 

 street. The former of these is upwards of 220 feet and the other 400 

 feet in length ; both are by Qartner, and both somewhat similar iu 

 style to the Public Library. The same may be said of the university 

 buildings, at tbe northern extremity of this noble street, where they 

 form a large quadrangle, into which the street itself runs. The Sieges- 

 Thor (Qate of Victory), at the north end of the Ludwigs-Strasse, is a 

 triumphal arch designed by Qtirtner in imitation of the Arch of Con- 

 stantlne iu liome, and dedicated to the Bavarian army. It is built of 

 Regensburg stone, and embellished with medallions and bas-reliefs 

 executed in Carrara marble. The masonry for solidity and beauty ia 

 unsurpassed in Europe. The six medallions are aymbolical of the 

 13avarian provinces ; tbe bas-reliefs represent battles, sieges, and tbe 

 pasbsge of a river. Four Winged Victories in Carrara marble, and of 

 tbe noblest forms and proportions, rise on either side of tbe gate 

 before the pediment, which is supported by four Corinthian pilasters. 

 Two Flying Victories, with wreaths and palms, are sculptured over 

 the central arch. The whole ia surmounted by a figure of Bavaria 

 seated iu a triumphal car drawn by four lions. This gate was opened 

 on October 15, 1850. 



Tbe Isar-Thor, one of tbe old gate-entrances of tbe city, has been 

 restored aud decoratod with a fine fresco, representing the return of 

 Lewis tbe Bavariau after bis victory at Mubldorf. In the Schranuen- 

 Plats, iu the old town, stands a pillar to commemorate the victory of 

 the Bavarians and Austrians over the Elector Palatine, near Prag. A 

 bronze obelisk, 100 feet high, is erected in tbe circus called Carolinen- 

 Platz, between tbe Botanic Garden aud tbe Piuakotbek, in memory of 

 the 30,000 Bavarians who fell in the Russian campaign of 1812. 



Among the other public buildings of Munich must be mentioned — 

 the Qeueral Hospital (Kraukenbaus), which stands in extensive grounds 

 to the south-west of the town, outside the Sendlinger Qate ; tbe Isar 

 Bridge ; the Synagogue ; the General Prison, in tbe Au suburb ; the 

 Riding School, cavalry and infantry barracks ; tbe Royal Porcelain 

 manufactory, in tbe Kaufiuger-Gasse, where the painting of glass ia 

 carried on extensively, &c. 4c. 



It remains to mention the spacious Friedhof, or public cemetery, 

 which lies a little east of the Kraukeuhaua ; tbe Theresien-Wiese, to 

 the south-west of the town, and tbe beautiful ))ark to the uorth-east 

 of the city, and called tbe English Garden. The English Garden, 

 situated to the north-east of the city, is laid out with plautatious, 

 intersected by streams of water, and embellished with statues and 

 various ornamental buildings, tbe most remarkable of which is the 

 circular luonopteros of twelve Ionic columns, erected in 1S33, as a 

 monumental temple iu honour of tbe elector Karl Theodore, the 

 founder of the garden ; it is remarkable as exhibiting tbe first modern 

 application of polycbromy, the capitals of tbe columus and the mould- 

 ings of the entablature being enriched with various colours paiuted 

 in encaustic. The Friedhof has at ita southern extremity au exten- 

 sive range of building, consisting of a chapel and range of arcades, 

 disposed in tbe form of a crescent about 550 feet in diameter. In the 

 Thereaien- Wiese (Theresian Meadow) a kind of people's festival is held, 

 commencing on the first Sunday in October. There is a cattle show, 

 and there are pony races, athletic games, and rifle.shooting matches; 

 the king attends aud gives prizes to the successful competitors. A 

 high sloping natural bauk, which runs along one side of the meadow, is 

 cut into steps like a Roman amphitheatre, for tbe convenience of 

 spectators, and eommands the whole varied scene, to which the vill.igcs 

 far and near send bands of peasauts in native costume aud headed by 

 their respective banners. 



On the natural terrace just mentioned, which rises above the plain 

 on which the city stands, is the Ruhmes-Ualle (Hall of Fame), a 

 beautiful doric structure of white marble, adorned with emblematic 

 friezes by Scbwaotbaler. It was designed by Von Klenze; busts 

 of all the great men that Bavaria has produced are to be arranged 

 along its walla. Right in front of this beautiful temple, and dwarfing 

 it into insignificance by bur gij;autic proportions, rises Scbwantbaler's 

 colossal statue of Bavaria, witii a miyeati^ lion by ber side, aud hold- 

 ing out the wreath, or crown, of reward to any who may be worthy 

 to enter tbe temple. The statue, which repreeents a Titanic virgin of 

 calm migestic beiauty, is 54 feet bigb, and stands on a granite pedestal 

 30 feet high. It is oust from Turkish cannon sunk ut tbe battle of 

 Navarino, and brought up by Greek divers. A winding staircase 

 ascends the iuterior to a chamber in the head, large enough to contain 



