﻿NAARDKN. 



NAIRKSHIBS. 



■M 



•Btiqoity tod iodepeodeDce, uid aAcr tba end of Uie Penian campaifn, 

 while Sparta vaa diiUacted by ictciitiiM oommotion and afflictod oy 

 tba oonaeqariicva of an eartbquakr, the Argivea, being joined by the 

 people of T<gea and Clron», atUckrd M;cpnie, which they took after 

 a atout rcaistanoe, and nuied to the ground, ac 468. Pari of the 

 inbabitanta were made alarea ; the reet eiuignktfd to Ceryneia, Cleone, 

 and lome errn to Macedonia. (Diodorun, xl ; Herodotus ; Paunaniaa.) 

 MycruK never roaa from ita niina, but these ruina etill are of conai- 

 derable magnitude, and Tcry remarkable. In the time of Pauraniai 

 <iL ch, 16, 18) they oonaiated of a great part of the wnlle, with the 

 gate of the Liona, nid to be the work of the Cyclopes ; the fountain 

 called Perseia ; and the subterraneous buildings of Atreus and hia 

 •ons, in which their treasures were deposited. There were likewise 

 to be seen the tombs of Atreos, Agamemnon, of his charioteer 

 Eurymedon, of Electra, and others. " But Ctytrmneatra and .£gis- 

 thus," adda Pauaanias, " were interred at a little distance from the 

 walla, being thought unworthy of burial where Agamemnon lay and 

 tlioae who were slain together with him." 



According to Laake, Myoence was built upon a rugged height in a 

 feoeaa between two commanding summits of the range of mountains 

 which border the eastern side of tlie Argolic plain, about 7 miles N. 

 by E. from Argoa. The Acropolis, the entire circuit of which is still 

 ■eep, the ruinml walls being in some places from 1 5 to 20 feet high, 

 resembled many other fortresses in Qreece, being built on the summit 

 of a steep hill between two torrents. Its length is about 400 yards, 

 and its breadth about 200 yards. The ground rises considerably 

 within the iucloeure ; on the summit are the openings of subterraneous 

 cisterns or granaries built of large irregular stones lined with plaster. 

 It has a great gat« at the north-west angle, and a postern towards the 

 oorth-east. The door-case is formed of two maasiTe upright blocks of 

 ■tone, oorered with another which is IS feet long, 4 feet wide, and 6 

 feet 7 inchea high. Upon this stands a triangular stone of green basalt 

 12 feet long, 10 feet high, and 2 feet thick, upon the face of which 

 •re represented in bas-relief two lions standing on their hind legs, one 

 on each aide of a round pillar or altar, upon which they rest their 

 fore paws. Below the Acropolis, in the direction of the modem village 

 of Kiuu^ati, are the Spilio, or subterraneotu chambers, known in the 

 tima of Pansaniaa by the name of the Treasury of Atreus. The largest 

 of these chambers, which is of a conical form, is about 50 feet in dia- 

 meter at the base. The door-ways are ornamented with half-columns 

 of a style resembling the Tuscan. With the exception of some later 

 repatstions, easily distinguished from the oldest part, which is of the 

 kind called Cyclopean, everything left at Myccux dates from the heroic 



•gas. Notwithstanding this remote antiquity, Myoena haa undergone 

 less change than any pUee in Qreeoe since the time of Pansaniaa. 



(Leake, TVareb in Iht iforta.) 



MY'COKOS, MICONl, one of the Cyclades, is situated cut of 

 Deloe, from which it is separated by a narrow channel It is about 

 10 miles in length, and 6 miles in its greatest breadth. The island is 

 mountainous, and not very fertile : it prodaces some com, wine, and 

 cotton, but is deficient in wood. It exports wine, figs, and hides. 

 The population is about 6000. On the west side of the island is the 

 chief town, also called Mycone, which has a harbour and shout SOOO 

 inhabitants, who are by repute good sailors. The island lielongs to tba 

 kingdom of Greeoe, and is included with the other Cyclades in the 

 nome of Syra. Hyconos and Tinos form the ace of a Roman Catholic 

 bishop. 



MYGDOJflA. [MACEDOHia.] 



MYUTOAN SEA. [iEoiAK Sea.] 



HY'SIA. an ancient province in the north-west of Asia Minor, was 

 bounded N. by the Propontis, W. by the Hellespont and the iEgaan 

 Sea, S. by Lydia, from which it was divided by the mountains which 

 separate the valley of the Caicus from that of the Hermus, and E. 

 by the Rhjndacus, which divided it from Bithynia. On the south- 

 east the high land forming the interior of Mysia joins the central 

 table-land of Phrygia towards the town of Azani. Herodotus 

 (vii. 74-75) says that the Hysians were a Lydian colony. Strabo (xiL) 

 says that "the Mysians of Asia were considered to be Lydians by 

 some, and Thracians by othera." This may mean that Thrseian 

 immigrations became mixed with the previous inhabitants of Lydian 

 race. Repeated Thracian immigrations are mentioned as having taken 

 place before and after the Trojan war. Then came the JEoXuaa, who 

 occupied the maritime coast from the Hermus to the ./Gsepus, and 

 built their cities there. Oeographers distinguished JEoMbl and Troas 

 from Mysia. [Troas ; .iEolians.] 



Mysia became subject to the Lydian monarchy, after the fall of 

 which it formed part of one of the satrapies of the Persian empire 

 that iucluded also Lydia. It was afterward') in succession under 

 the Macedonians, the kings of Pergamus, and the Romans. Under 

 the Romans it formed part of the province of Asia. Ita principal 

 to«ms were Abydos, Ctziods, Peroamus, Lampsacus, Adramyttium, 

 and Miletopolis, near the lake of the same name. The principal rivers 

 of Mysia were the Caicus in the south and the JEsepui in the north ; 

 the smaller ones were the Eventis and the Qranicus. [Anatolia.] 



(Lc-aki', Atia Minor ; Fellows, Journal.) 



MYSORE. [HiKDUSTAS.] 



N 



I^AABDEK. [HoLLAKB.] 



■'-* NAAS, Kildare county, Ireland, a market and assize town, and 

 the seat of a Poor-Law Union, is situated on the Dublin and Limerick 

 road, in 53' 18' N. Ut, 6' 40' W. long., distant 20i miles 8.W. from 

 Dublin by road. The population in 1851 wai 3132. Naas Poor- Law 

 Union comprises 88 electoral divisions, with an area of 216,622 acres, 

 and a population in 1851 of 44,863. 



Ifaas was in early times a scat of the kings of Leinster. In 1419 a 

 mrliament was held in it. The town obtained charters from Henry V., 

 Elizabeth, and James L It returned two members to the Irish Par- 

 liament, but waa disfranchised at the Union. Naas is pleasantly situ- 

 ated in a fertile and improved district. It consists of a street extend- 

 ing along the Dublin road, with aeveral branches on each side. In the 

 main street is the parish church, an old building in the early EugUab 

 style, enlarged in 1822, and again a few year* back. There are a large 

 Roman Catholic chapel, with a nimnery adjacent; an Independent 

 chapel ; a diooeaan school ; and aeveral schools partially endowed. 

 The town also contains a market-house, a couuty court-house and jail, 

 • large infuntry barrack, a fever hospital, dispensary, and Union work- 

 botve. There are the remaina of an Augustiuian monaatery in the 

 town ; and a rath or high conical mound on which the states of 

 Leinster sre said to have held their assemblies. A branch of the 

 OrantI Canal p ass as ocsr the town. Quarter and petty sessions are 

 held. The market-days are Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. Fairs 

 •r« held 12 time* a year. 



HABLOUa [Stwa.] 



MAOASAKI. [Jatak.] 



HAOORE. [Carxatic] 



If AOPOOR. [nucDUSTAH.] * 



NAIlJBWORTH. [GLooctsinwHiRl.] 



KAIBN, the county town of Nairnshire, Scotland, a royal and 

 puUaiDMtwy burgh and market-town, is situated on the left bank of 

 lbs rivsr Natnt, near iU conBuence with the Moray Frith, in 67* 35' 

 K. lat., 8* 62' W. long., distant 154 miles N.K. from Inverness, 

 198 miles N. from Edinburgh, and 86 miles N.W. from Aberdeen. 

 The population of the parlismenUry burgh in 1851 was 2977; that 

 of tb* royal bui^h waa 8401. The town is governed by a provost, 

 S haiUsa, aad U oooncillori ; and, with Inverness, Forres, and Fortrose, 

 ratOTM on* member to tbe Imperial Parliament. The town is lighted 



with gas and paved. By means of a bi-eakwater recently erected the 

 harbour has a depth of water of about 12 feet at high tide. Belonging 

 to the port are 13 vessels, of an aggregate burden of about 1000 tons. 

 There are about 70 herring boats, giving employment to many of the 

 inhabitant*. The public buildings consist of the town- and oourt- 

 bouae and the jail ; the hospital is a neat building of Italian design. 

 Besides the Established church, there are a Free church, and chapels 

 for Episcopalians, United Presbyterians and Independents. Rose's 

 Academical Institution waa endowed by a townsman, tbe late Captain 

 Rose, RN. There are also several other schools, and a savings bank. 

 A corn-market is held every alternate Thursday. On the south 

 side of the town, on the bank of the river, in the Constabulary 

 Garden, are a few remains of Cawdor Castle, of which the Thanes w 

 Cawdor were hereditary constables till 1747. 



NAIRN.SH1RE, a small maritime ooimty in the north-cast of Scot- 

 land, bounded N. by the Moray Frith, E. and S. by Elginshire, and 

 W. by Invemess-shire, lies between 67° 20' and 57° 40' N. lat, 3° 40' 

 and 4° 6' W. long., and extends from north to south about 22 milea, 

 and from east to wtat about 10 miles. Its area is 215 square miles, or 

 137,600 acres, of which little more than one-fourth part is in cultivation, 

 the rest consisting principally of waste, moor ground, wood, lake, and 

 mosa. The population in 1851 waa 9956. The county unites with 

 Elginshire in returning one member to the Imperial Parliament. 



Coail-Hnt, Surface, Hydrography, Communications. — The line of 

 sea-coast extends about 10 miles. To the eastward are the Maviston 

 sand-hills, whence it is supposed the great sand floods were blown 

 which buricxl a great portion of the land to the eastward about two 

 centuries ago. The westward part of the sea-shore is low and bare ; 

 near tbe coast runs a raised beach or terrace bank, composed of sand, 

 gravel, and bouldera, with shells occasionally mixed. The surface is of 

 a varied character. The upper districts are billy, the lower an undulating 

 plain, from 1 to 6 miles broad, and characterised by a light and 

 gravelly soil, with some deposits of clay and protruding rock. This 

 portion is occupied by cultivated fields of wheat and tbe usual cereal 

 grains ; potatoes are grown plentifully. Tbe upper parts of the county 

 aboimd with thriving plantations of Scotch fir, larch, and hardwood. 

 Tbe Nairn and Findfaom are the only rivers belonging in part to thia 

 county. The Nairn rises in Strathnairo, in Invemess-shire : in Naira- 

 shire it is joined by the picturesque bum of Cawdor. Its course 



