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NORFOLK. 



NORFOLK. 



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np here. Of the castle ereoted by WiUiam, earl of Warren nod 

 Snrrey, the earthworki remain, a* iml as fraj^enta of the building. 

 The principal itreet of the vQlage paaeea through one of the main 

 entraaoea of the castle ; this entrance consists of an outer and inner 

 gate, with a portcullis between then, and two circular bastions to 

 defend the approach. Earl Warren founded here a priory of Cluniac 

 monks, which existed till the dissolution. Of the priory buildings 

 the remaina are fine specimens of Norman architecture. The parish 

 church is a handsome and commodious structure, with a lofty square 

 tower. Wesleyan Methodists and Baptists hare places of worship ; 

 there is a National school. Tanning and fellmongery are carried on, 

 and there are flour-mills. Two yearly fairs arc held 



Cattle Rifing is 5 miles N.W. of Lynn, on the left bank of the Rising, 

 or Habingly River :_popuUtion 392. William de Albini built a castle 

 here before 1176. The trade of the place was considerable, and the 

 town was incorporated ; but the harbour becoming choked up, the 

 place fell into decay. Of the castle the keep is standing. The general 

 style of the building is Norman. Isabella of France, queen of 

 Edward II., was kept in confinement in this castle by her son 

 Edward III. from 1330 till her death in 1858. The church, which 

 was built in the 11th century, was restored in 1844. Trinity hospital 

 provides accommodation for twelve poor women and a governess. 



KamirtgkaU, population 1648, about 8 miles E. from E^t Harling, 

 on the Ikeneld-street, was once a residence of the princes of East 

 Anglia. The site of the palace consists of an area of 4 acres, sur- 

 rounded by a ditch, and having an artificial mound at each comer. 

 The church has a south door of very singular Norman composition. 

 There are chapels for Wesleyan Methodists and Baptists, and a Free 

 school. Fairs are held on July 18th and September 30th. 



JAtcham is 7 miles N.W. from East Dereham : population 855. 

 Although the market has been discontinued, the place continues to 

 be the mart of the surrounding villaf;es. Besides the parish church 

 there are chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. Pleasure 

 fairs are held m May and November : races are held in July. 



Metheold, between Brandon and Stoke Ferry, wan formerly n market- 

 town : population 1669. It has a handsome church with an embattled 

 tower, surmounted with an octangular spire. The Wesleyan Methodists 

 have a chapeL A cattle fair is held on April 2Srd. 



Snettukam, 11 miles N. by E. from Lynn : population 1172. It has 

 a church, Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist chapels, and a National 

 schoot Several brass ' celts' have been dug up in this neighbour- 

 hood. There are quarries of carstone and some chalk-pits. 



Wvnlead is 12 miles N.N.E. from Norwich and 3 miles from North 

 Walsham : population 827. It was formerly the seat of a considerable 

 manutscture, introduced by the Flemings, of woollen twists and stuffs, 

 called from it 'worsted goods;' but this manufacture was, in the 

 reigns of Richard II. and Henry IV., removed to Norwich. The 

 church is a fine building, chiefiy of perpendicular character; the 

 tower is of decorated character, and is of admirable arrangemeut and 

 oompoaition. There are a chapel for Baptists, National and British 

 ■ehoola, and almshouses for liz poor persons. 



The following are among the more important villages : the popu- 

 lations are those of the parishes in 1851 : — 



Banham, population 1195, is 7 miles S. by E. from Attlcbuigh. 

 The parish church is a handsome gotbic stnicture : the altar-piece was 

 brought here from Bristol cathedral in 1845. The Wesleyan and 

 Primitive Methodists have cIu^mIs, and there is a Free school In the 

 neighbourhood are barracks. Binham, or Binham Abbey, 3 miles N.E. 

 from New Walsingham, population 611, is a large village, which 

 had a market and fair granted by Henry I. The fair only is now 

 held. There are extensive ruins of a Benedictine priory. "The navo 

 of the priory chapel was converted into the parish church. There 

 are a National and a Free school BUMing, population 352, about a 

 mile N. from Aylsham. The manor belonged to the father of Anne 

 Boleyn ; it was afterwards purchased by Lord Chief Justice Holmrt, 

 whoM ton built, in 1620, the mansion, Blickling Hall. The hall 

 oontaina an extensive and valuable library, with numerous portraits 

 and other paintings. A school for poor children is supported by Lady 

 Buffield. Briton, jwpulation 996, about 6 miles a by W. from Holt, 

 near one of the beads of the river Bure, has a parish church, partly 

 of deoorated, and partly of later English character ; chapels for 

 Wealcyan and Primitive Methodists and Independents ; and a 

 NaUonal school A stock market is held weekly on Tuesday, and a 

 c^tle fair on May 26tb. Caittor next- Yarmouth, population 1043, 

 •bont 2) miles N. from Great Yarmouth, formed at one time two 

 pniafaaa, but of one of the churches only a part of the tower remains. 

 mure are chap«la for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist^ and 

 NaUonal aod Infant aehoolt. Several persons are engaged in fishing. 

 The eoMAfuard has a sUtion here. West from the villacce are some 

 remains of a round tower and of the walls of Caistor Castle. CaUon, 

 population 618, about 2 miles N. from Norwich, a neat village, con- 

 taining many good houses and villas, chiefly the residences of Norwich 

 mercbaota. The parish church is a neat building, with an octagonal 

 tower; in the interior are some interesting monuments. There is 

 here an lodoatiial lobool for girls. OoUiriuM, popuUtion 907, on the 

 river Bore, 7 miles M. by E. from Norwioh, occupies a pleasant situa- 

 tion, and has a oonaidenble trade in com, malt, coal^ kjo. The church 

 hM an embatUed tower. The WMbyaa MrthodiiU hart a chapel, 



and there is a National school A fair is held on Whit-Monday. 

 Cotleuef, or OMsey, population 1 025, on the river Wensum, 4 miles N.E. 

 from Norwich, consists chiefly of one long street. The church, a 

 commodious structure, has a square tower, surmounted with a lofty 

 wooden spire; the south porch is Norman. The Baptists have a 

 place of worship. There are National, Roman Catholic, and Baptist 

 schools. Near the tillage is the fine mansion and park of Costessey, 

 the seat of Lord Stafford. Contiguous to the ball is a handsome 

 Roman Catholic chapel /h'tcAin^Aam, population 1130, about 13 miles 

 S.E. from Norwich, forms a suburb of Bungay, in Suffolk, from which 

 it is separated by the river Waveney. The church, a handsome 

 edifice, which contains some good specimens of stained glass, occupies 

 an elevated site. There are National and Infant schools. A large 

 silk manufactory here belongs to a Norwich firm. FtltvM, population 

 1675, about 7 nules S. by E. from Stoke Ferry, consists of several 

 streets. St Mary's Church is a handsome edifice, with a richly orna- 

 mented tower. St Nicholas, a small plain building, has been in part 

 rebuilt within the last few years. There are chapels for Wesleyan 

 and Primitive Methodist<i, and a Free school Ifappitburgh, or llanro', 

 population 621, on the coast, about 6 miles E. by N. from North 

 Walsham. The parish church, a handsome building, with a lofty 

 embattled tower, stands on an elevated site, and is a conspicuous 

 land-mark. There is a National school Some of the inhabitants are 

 engaged in fishing. There is here a station of the coast-guard. The 

 encroachments of the sea at this part have been considerable. Two 

 lighthouses, respectively 80 feet and 100 feet high, stand a short 

 distance south-east from the village. Ilicklinff, population 812, about 

 16 miles N.E. from Norwich ; the houses, being scattered, cover a 

 considerable space. The ground in the neighbourhood is marshy. 

 Hickling Broad, an extensive lake, communicates by the North Kver 

 with the Bure, and small vessels are thus enabled to keep up com- 

 mercial intercourse in the district The church is an ancient edifice, 

 with a tower. The Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists have chapels, 

 and there is a National school There are some remains of an 

 Angustinian priory. Uilgay, 4 miles S. by E. from Downham, popu- 

 lation 1710, has a large and handsome church ; a fine avenue of trees 

 forms an approach to the church. There are chapels for Wesleyan 

 and Primitive Methodists, and a National school The Wissey, or 

 Stoko River, which is here crossed by an iron bridge, runs into the 

 Ouse at Hilgay Creek, about two miles from the village. From Lynn, 

 coal and other cargoes are brought by lighters to the quay at Hilgay, 

 and com and other products of the locality are taken back. JIMham, 

 po|)ulation 683, about 2 miles W. from Wells, and a mile from the 

 coast, has a handsome church seated on elevated ground, with a lofty 

 embattled tower, which forms a good land-mark : in the interior are 

 some ancient monuments. There are a Free and an Infant school 

 Holkham Hall, the splendid seat of the Earl of Leicester, is situated 

 in an extensive and well-wooded park. In the mansion are galleries 

 of paintings and sculpture, and a noble library. Almshouses were 

 erected in 1755, by the Countess Dowager of Leicester. In the 14th 

 century the port of Holkham was of some importance. Much land 

 has been reclaimed from the sea at this part -of the coast by the 

 efforts of the successive Earls of Leicester, particularly of the late 

 earl (better known as Mr. Coke, the Norfolk agriculturist), who 

 was created Earl of Leicester, of Holkham, in 1837, but who had 

 succeeded to the estates sixty years before. In the course of the 

 sixty-six years during which bo held the estates of Holkham its 

 rental was increased, chiefly owing to his princely improvements, from 

 littlo more than 2000{. to above 20,0002. It was stated in the earl's 

 will that he had "lately expended the sum of 500,0002. in the 

 improvement of his estate." A column has been erected to his 

 memory by subscription in the neighbourhood. It is 140 feet high, 

 and in the Coriutbian style, Langley, population 312, is about 

 10 miles S.E. from Norwich, near the right bank of the Yare. The 

 church is a neat building, with a square tower. There is a National 

 school. Langley Hall, a spacious mansion, stands in an extensive park 

 on the west of the village. It contains numerous paintings and 

 sculptures. About a mile north-east from the village are some 

 remains of Langley Abbey, founded in 1198. Martham, population 

 1125, about 17 miles E.N.E. from Norwich, near the right bank 

 of the river North, has a handsome gothic church, chapels for 

 Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists and Baptists, and Froo schools 

 for boys and girls. A fair is held in July. MwfuUiey, popu- 

 lation 451, about 20 miles N. by E. from Norwich, is a pleasant 

 village on the coast, frequented in summer for bathing. In the 

 absence of any harbour or pier, small vessels receive and discharge 

 their cargoes on the beach. There is a coast-guard station at Mundsley. 

 The church, which occupies an elevated site on the cliff, is partly dila- 

 pidated ; service is performed in a portion of the nave. There are a 

 chapel for Dissenters, and National, British, and Infant schools. 

 Norihwold, population 1397, about 4 miles E.S.EI from Stoke Ferry, 

 is pleasantly situated on the left bank of the Wissey or Stoke Kiver. 

 The church is a handsome and commodious structure, with a tower 

 of the 14th century, built chiefly of flint, and surraouiitcil with 10 

 crockctcd pinnacles. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel, and 

 there is a Free school. OretU Orimby, or Ormsby St. Margarett, 

 population 707, about 6 miles N. by W. from Yarmouth, and a mile 

 from the coast, has a parish ohoroh of anment date, with a tower 



