i 7 8 THE NEW AGRICULTURE. 



the production of fragrance than certain sections of our South, 

 Southwest and far West. One must visit the rose shows 

 of the Pacific Slope, or walk along the flower-bordered streets 

 of a Portland, a Stockton, a Sacramento, a Los Angeles, and 

 note how lavishly Nature pours her perfume on the air to 

 appreciate the facility with which perfumery farming may 

 be carried on here. 



As for the methods of manufacture, they differ according 

 to the substances to be treated, but they are all simple and easily 

 undertaken by the most inexperienced. As an example, con- 

 sider distillation. This differs in no essential respect from 

 that now practiced for the extraction of peppermint, sweet 

 birch and sassafras. Of course, where one is producing a 

 substance worth $4 or $5 an ounce more delicate and better 

 constructed apparatus should be used than if the product 

 sought is worth only half that many dollars a pound, but 

 the principle of operation is the same. The essential parts 

 of a still are a boiler in which the rose leaves or other ma- 

 terial are placed with water; some means of applying heat, 

 preferably steam through the medium of a jacket, but fre- 

 quently merely a fireplace under the boiler and a piece of 

 coiled tubing through which the distillate passes off from 

 the boiler to the receptacle. The coiled tubing, or worm, as 

 it is called, is kept constantly immersed in cold water, so that 

 the distillate as it passes through is condensed and issues 

 from the worm in the form of a liquid. Distillation is avail- 

 able for a large number of plants, but not for all. 



Maceration is another method which is frequently used 

 in the production of perfume. By this method the flowers 

 are immersed in melted grease (lard or tallow which has 

 been thoroughly purified), the charge being renewed a dozen 



