24 Veterinary Medicine. 



acids, and nourishing food given in the form of soft mashes, 

 pulped roots, or farinas, which will require little mastication, and 

 the antiseptic cleansing of the mouth after each meal are the 

 main features of the treatment. As antiseptics, vinegar is inimi- 

 cal to the microbes of the mouth, which affect alkaline media, 

 borax, boric acid, carbolic acid, sulphurous acid, the sulphites 

 and hyposulphites, permanganate of potash, chlorate of potash, 

 creolin, and sulphate or chloride of iron furnish a sufficient 

 choice of comparatively non-toxic agents. Ulcers ma}^ be touched 

 with tincture of iodine, huiar caustic, or sulphate of copper. 



ULCERATIVE STOMATITIS ( DIPHTHERIA ) IN 

 CALVES. 



Accessor}^ causes. Infection. Kxperinienlal inoculation. Bacillus, grows 

 on blood serum. Lesions in inouth, nose, air passages, intestines, digits. 

 Symptoms : difficult sucking, fever, swollen, whitish spots on buccal mu- 

 cosa, phagadenic sores, foetor, symptoms of extending disease, anorexia, 

 debility, prostration. Duration. Diagnosis from foot and mouth disease, 

 from actinomycosis, from tuberculosis. Prevention : cleanliness, antisep- 

 sis, segregation, diet of dam, sterilized milk. Treatment : antiseptic and 

 eliminating ; locally antiseptic. 



This has been observed at frequent intervals in calves, as a 

 serious, fatal, communicable disorder occurring in the first few 

 weeks of life. 



Causes. It has been attributed to inihygienic conditions of the 

 dams, clo.se, damj:), impure stables, unwholesome or spoiled food, 

 and privations of various kinds, and these, in all probability, in- 

 crease the susceptibility. The congestion and tratimatism con- 

 nected with the cutting of the teeth is another predisposing 

 cause. The ultimate cause is, however, the contagious element 

 and the disease has been conveyed to healthj' lambs by the in- 

 troduction into their mouths of the necrotic products from the 

 disea.sed subjects (Dammann). vSheep inoculated in the con- 

 junctiva presented violent conjunctivitis in forty-eight hours. 

 Inoculated rabbits died of septicsemia. Mice showed the same 

 symptoms as calves, while guinea pigs showed an ab.scess only 

 at the .seat of inoculation ( Loffler). 



