220 Vetermary Medicine. 



bowels and to prevent the entr}' of embryos. The infested horse 

 may be purged and put on two drachms each of tartar emetic and 

 sulphate of iron every morning in a handful of feed half an hour 

 before the first meal. After six doses he may take a second 

 active purgative. In case of need the addition of 6 grains 

 arsenious acid and a drachm of carbolic acid to each dose will 

 render them much more effective. All water must be witlilield 

 that comes from streams running by farm-yards, from ponds or 

 open wells in barn-yards, from uncovered cisterns and from any 

 source whicli receives drainage or leaching from land occupied 

 by solipeds or spread with their manure. 



A course of vermifuge medicine should be given at intervals of 

 two or three months to get rid of the worms which have passed 

 in the interval from the cysts of the colon, into the intestine. 



NON-VERMINOUvS INTESTINAL CONGESTION IN 

 SOLIPEDS. 



Causes : sudden changes to green food, or leguminous fodder, newly 

 harvested fodder, fro.sted food, iced water, microbian infection, toxin poison- 

 ing, intestinal fermentations, experiments, volvulus, invagination, strangu- 

 lation, compression, atony. Symptoms : as in verminous aneurisms. 

 Diagnosis : absence of worms, presence of other causes. Treatment. 



Causes. Acute intestinal congestion apart from verminous 

 aneurisms is ascribed to a variety of causes. Sudden changes of 

 food especially to green food, in .spring, or to .some of the 

 leguminous fodder plants (alfalfa, cowpea, clover, tares, vetches), 

 newly harvested grain or hay, fodders covered with hoarfrost, 

 ■iced water, and microbian infection or poisoning with toxins or 

 other irritant products of intestinal fermentations. Experi- 

 mentally the injection into the circulation of pyogenic toxins 

 and putrid matters has determined inte.stinal congestion and 

 hemorrhage. In the same way musty hay or grain have proved 

 the occasion of these attacks. Finally mechanical blocking of 

 the circulation of the intestine as by volvulus, invagination, 

 strangulated hernia, or even compression by bulky food lias 

 seemed to operate in this way. 



