Aade Catarrhal Enteritis iyi Cattle. 237 



through the surrounding gases, appetite and rumination are 

 greatly impaired, and there is much rumbhng and considerable 

 tenderness of the right side of the abdomen, and more or less 

 costiveness, with hard, glazed mucus-covered faeces. There is 

 some rise of temperature, ardent thirst, injected mucous mem- 

 branes, dry, hot muzzle, weeping eyes, a small, hard, weak pulse, 

 arched back, tender to pinching, and tucked up abdomen. There 

 may be .slight colicy pains, uneasy movements of the hind feet 

 and tail, and sometimes lying down and rising at short intervals. 



In )nore severe cases the impaction and t3'mpany of the rumen 

 are more marked, the hyperthermia runs high, appetite and 

 rumination cease, the milk dries up, rigors and tremors appear, 

 the head and ears droop, the eyes are sunken, the mouth is 

 clammy and foetid, the colicy pains are severe or extreme, the 

 right side of the abdomen is very tender, defecation may be 

 altogether suspended and rumbling in the right side of the 

 abdomen ceases or becomes rare. Straining may continue but 

 seldom is anything but mucus pas.sed. Eructations from the 

 rumen are distinctl}' foetid. 



After the third day the violence of the pains may abate, and 

 sometimes diarrhoea sets in and may be regarded as critical, and 

 portending recovery. If rumbling in the right side is resumed, 

 if the fever subsides, the .spirits revive, and some appetite and 

 rumination return they will herald improvement. 



If on the other hand the pulse becomes .smaller, the tempera- 

 ture higher, the eyes sunken and fixed, the urine .scanty, red and 

 acid, the animal constantly recumbent on its left side, if when 

 raised it omits the healthy stretching of its hind limbs, and walks 

 sluggishly and painfully with frequent moaning, if when down it 

 re.sts its head on the ground, the pro.spects are very unfavorable. 



Death may occur early from tympan}' and asphyxia ; it ma)' 

 follow profuse intestinal haemorrhage ; or it may be the result of 

 general infection and inanition. 



Diagnosis must depend on the combination and succession of 

 the above-named symptoms. From acute intestinal congestion it 

 is distinguished by the more moderate type of the colic, and the 

 more gradual advance of the di.sease. From acute indigestion 

 and tympany of the rumen by the early and marked tenderness of 

 the right side of the abdomen, and the decided hyperthermia. 



