CATARRHAL ENTERITLS IN DOGS. 



Causes : faulty feeding, close confinemeiit, youth, distemper, overexer- 

 tiou, meat diet, chills when heated and fatigued, ferments, bacteria, debility, 

 ill-health. Lesions : congested, .softened, ulcerated, thickened mucosa, 

 mucopurulent exudate, swollen intestinal and mesenteric glands, hyper- 

 pla.sia, polypi, follicular degeneration. Symptoms : dullness, segregation, 

 inappetence, fever, arched back, abdominal rumbling, tenderness, retraction, 

 constipation, diarrhoea, colics, vomiting, tenesmus, swollen red excoriated 

 anus, icterus, weakness, debility, paralysis, if chronic, unthrifty skin, with 

 eruptions, pallor, foul breath, tongue and gums, emaciation. Course : may 

 recover in vigorous, or run down and die in old, young, weak, debilitated 

 or ill. Relapses. Treatment: dietetic .laxative, in icteric, calomel, manna, 

 enemata, warm bath, synapism, antiseptics, bi.smuth, sodium salicylate, in 

 diarrhoea, bitters, astringent antiseptic tonics. Demulcents. 



Cmises. The dog is .su.sceptible because of its varied, irregular, 

 .stimulating, often excessive diet, and its close confinement and 

 lack of wholesome outdoor exercise. The conditions which pre- 

 dispose to or excite gastritis tend equally to enteritis. Youth, 

 canine distemper, overexertion, an exclusive meat diet, and chills 

 from plunging into cold water when exhausted with hunting are 

 to be specially noted. Spoiled meats charged with the germs of 

 infection, or with putrefactive bacteria and tlieir toxic products 

 a'-e common causes. Then any old standing disease or other 

 cau.se of general debility wnll predispose to the attacks of such 

 otherwi.se harmless germs. The irritation caused by intestinal 

 parasites is an occasional factor. 



Lesions. The muco.sa is congested, ramified, spotted or dark 

 and slaty ; it together with the sttbmucosa is swollen and infil- 

 trated, and with points of ecchymosis, extravasation or eve 

 ulceration. The surface has a thick layer of mucopurulent 

 matter. The solitary glands are swollen and charged with small 

 lymphoid or pus cells and have a congested areola. The mesen- 

 teric glands are congested and the liver usually congested 

 .softened or mottled. In chronic cases there may be hyper- 

 plasia, polypi, cystoid degeneration of the follicles, etc. 



Sy7}iptoms. There may be dullness, drowsiness, a .seeking of 

 seclusion, inappetence, hyperthermia (102 to 104°) ardent thirst, 

 arched back, abdominal rumbling, tympany or tucked up tender 

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