UIvCERATlON OF THE INTESTINES. 



Symptom or sequel of other disease, or from traumas, caustics, neoplasms, 

 peptic ulcers, verminous thrombosis, tubercle. Catarrhal erosion, peptic, 

 deep, round ulcer, calculi with irregular ulcers, cord ulcer at mesenteric 

 attachment, small, follicular, grouped ulcers, sloughing ulcers of infectious 

 diseases, circular projecting, button like ulcers of hog cholera, microbes. 

 Symptoms : diarrhoea, black, or red, sloughs, fever, blood stained vomit, 

 manipulation. Treatment : for foreign body, poison, or infectious disease, 

 careful diet, antiseptics. 



Ulceration of the intestines is commonly a symptom or sequel 

 of other intestinal di.sorder, such as intestinal catarrh, impaction, 

 calculus, foreign body, parasites, petechial fever, influenza, 

 glanders, rinderpest, Southern cattle fever, hog cholera, pneumo- 

 enteritis, rabies, canine distemper. Then there are ulcers, 

 caused by sharp pointed bodies, by caustic agents ingested, and 

 by obstructive changes in neoplasms. Peptic ulcers ma}' occur 

 in the duodenum as in the stoiuach. Finally local di.sturbances 

 of the circulation and especially such as attend on verminous 

 thrombosis, are at once predisposing and exciting causes of 

 ulceration. Tuberculosis and other neoplasms are additional 

 causes. 



The ulcers may vary in different cases. In catarrh there is 

 usually superficial desquamation of the epithelium, and erosions 

 rather than deep ulcers. The peptic ulcer forms on the depend- 

 ent wall of the gut, where the gastric secretions settle, and 

 asstmies a more or less perfectly circular outline (round ulcer). 

 Those due to calculus or impaction, may be irregular patches 

 mostly on the unattached side of the intestine and resulting from 

 necrosis of the parts most exposed to pressure. The ulcers re- 

 sulting from cords stretched along inside the bowel, are in the 

 form of longitudinal sores on the attached or mesenteric side of 

 the intestine, where the wall being shorter the cord continually 

 presses. Follicular ulcerations are usually small, deep excava- 

 tions, commonly arranged in groups. Ulcers connected with neo- 

 plasms have an irregular form determined by that of the morbid 

 growth. In infectious diseases the ulcers are round or irregular, 

 resulting from circumscribed sloughs. In most of the infectious 



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