Othe7' Forms of Hernia. — Paralysis of the Rectum. ^']i 

 OTHER FORMS OF HERNIA. 



The other forms of hernia (umbiHcal, inguinal, scrotal, 

 femoral, ventral, vaginal, ischiatic) are essentially surgical and 

 need not be further referred to here, than to guard the reader 

 against overlooking them as factors in producing intestinal and 

 omental strangulation and colic. The}' are all to be recognized 

 by the presence of a local swelling, which may often be ob- 

 literated by returning its contents into the abdominal cavity, 

 which .sensibly enlarges when the animal is made to cough, and 

 which, if made up of intestine, is subject to ga.seous distension, 

 and gurgles when manipulated and returned. A violent colic 

 occurring in a male animal should never be con.sidered as certainly 

 diagnosticated until the scrotal and inguinal region have been 

 carefull}'^ examined for hernia. 



PARALYvSIS OF THE RECTUM. 



In .solipeds, ruminants, swine, carnivora. Injuries to loins and croup. 

 Palsy of tail and sphincters. Nerve centres in end of cord. Fractures and 

 dislocations of the pelvis. Hsemoglobiiuiria. Advanced gestation. Sclerosis. 

 Ovariotomy by vagina. Impaction of rectum. Neoplasms. Thrombosis of 

 internal iliac artery. Ptomaines and toxins in fevers. Symptoms : tardy 

 defecation, impaction, over distension, faeces firm, dry, roller like, liquid 

 oozing, excoriation, foul tail and thighs, bulging of anus, incontinence of 

 urine. Paresis and wasting of quarter. Treatment : remove cause, for 

 sprains and fractures sling, treat myelitis, debility, poisoning, iinload rec- 

 tum often,- oily or soapy enemata, strychnia, eserine, ergot, barium chloride, 

 derivations. 



This is much more common in the horse than in ruminants, 

 swine or carnivora, mainly because the soliped is more exposed 

 to traumatic injuries of the loins, croup, and pelvic bones. It is 

 noticeable that in the majority of cases the paral\'sis of the rec- 

 tum is connected with palsy of the tail, antis, and .sphincter 

 vesicae. This comes from the anatomical fact that the centres 

 presiding over the motions of these different parts are sittiated 

 close to each other in the terminal portion of the spinal cord, and 

 any lesion of tliat part by traumatism or disease is likely to affect 

 all of these parts alike. 



