376 Veterinary Medicine. 



Cystoma. As seen in the horse these have usually been 

 determined by the presence of foreign bodies. Redienx describes 

 a cyst of the small intestine which enclosed 30 lbs. of sand. 

 Chariot speaks of a cy.st placed between the stomach and sternal 

 arch of the double colon, furnished with a smooth serous lining. 

 Vernaiit and the author have found on the walls of the caecum 

 and double colon small cysts, each communicating with the interior 

 of the intestine by a narrow opening. Beside muco-purulent 

 matter, these have often in our experience contained the scler- 

 ostomata or their larvae. 



Lymphadenoma. Wuth describes a case of obstruction of 

 the rectum by an adenoid tumor as large as the closed fist, which 

 induced a fatal hemorrhage. It was connected with the terminal 

 part of the floating colon. Jobelot records another case. 



Tumors of uncertain kinds. A large number of tumors 

 are described in veterinary literature, the true nature of which 

 has not been made out. If these could be successfully differen- 

 tiated tliey would add to the above list materially, and other 

 forms not referred to above. 



Causes. The causes of these neoplasms are not always trace- 

 able. In the case of some an occasion may be found in the 

 presence of an irritant, like worms, sand, gravel, oat seed, etc., 

 found in their interior, in others like the carcinomata we ma}^ 

 accept the presence of the protozoon of that disease, and in .still 

 othersthere is an unknown cause, perhapsconstitutional or heredi- 

 tary which predisposes to the new growth. This last cause was 

 probably operative in producing the fatty neoplasm in the rectum 

 of Pritchard's fat Hereford heifer, seeing that her grandsire also 

 died from a similar lesion. 



Symptoms. These usually culminate in the classic symptoms 

 of oljstruction of the bowels, but there is sometimes a train of 

 significant symptoms leadnig up to this climax. Thus in the 

 malignant tumors in particular, though in some other forms as 

 well, there is anaemia, pallor or yellowness of the mucosae, weak- 

 ness and emaciation. In other cases there are symptoms of 

 peritonitis and ascites. In others there is obstinate con.stipation 

 or diarrhoea, the excretions having a peculiar fcetid odor, often 

 suggesting the decomposition of animal matter. They ma}^ be 

 mixed with fresh blood, or sloughs from the surface of a tumor, 



