PANCREATIC CALCUU. 



Mostly in cattle from over feeding, dry feeding, inactivity. Small. Multi- 

 ple. Round, angular, lobulated. Nucleus. Composition. Dilated ducts. 

 Atrophoed or sclerosed glandular tissue. Prevention : succulent food, water 

 at will, open air life, correction of local catarrh. 



Pancreatic like biliary calculi have been found e.specially in 

 cattle. They appear to be predispo.sed by their stinuilating, 

 forcing feeding, b}' their quiet life apart from all causes of excite- 

 ment and especially by the combined effect of dry feeding and 

 prolonged confinement in the stall through the long winter. 



The calculi are usually small but numerous, Jungers having 

 found 36 weighing 38 grammes. Bar has found a mass with an 

 aggregate weight of 23 gramms. 



The form of the calculus varies ; many are angular from mutual 

 attrition in the large ducts ; others from the smaller ducts are 

 rounded ; those from the glandular follicles may be even lobulated, 

 in keeping with the divisions of the cavity. The color is white 

 and each shows a distinct central nticleus of epithelial, mticus, or 

 other origin. Their specific gravity is 2.397 ( Ftirstenberg), and 

 their composition 92 per cent, calcium carbonate, 4 per cent, 

 magnesia, and traces of calcium phosphate (Gurlt). 



The pancreatic ducts are as a rule greatly dilated and thickened 

 (in man they form enormous cysts, Senn, Osier), and the gland- 

 ular tissue is atrophied, indurated (sclerosed), and of a brownish 

 yellow color. 



Tf'eatmejit oi such cases would be unsatisfactory. By way of 

 prevention .succulent food, abundance of pure water, and the cor- 

 rection of any infective catarrhal affection of the duodenum, or of 

 the bile or pancreatic ducts would be specially indicated. Free 

 exerci.se in the open air would be de.sirable. 



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