INSOLATION. HEAT EXHAUSTION. SUNSTROKE. 

 THERMIC FEVER. 



Definition : two forms. Heat exhaustion. Causes : prolonged heat, 

 and moisture, overexertion. Impaired vaso-motor centre. Failing heart. 

 Carbon dioxide poisoning. Symptoms : weak, fluttering pulse, perspiration, 

 muscles flaccid, prostration, no hyperthermia. Treatment : stimulant, digi- 

 talis, digitalin, subcutem, nitroglycerine, warm baths. Thermic fever. 

 Hyperthermia excessive. Causes : insolation, prolonged heat and impure air, 

 furnace heat, moist and dry heat, electric tension, overwork, muscular ex- 

 haustion, coagulation of myosin, constant heat on one part (head), excess of 

 carbon dioxide, stiffening of bodies when killed in hot weather, debility, 

 weakness, fatigue, chest constriction, tight girths or collars, short bearing 

 reins, plethora, obesit}', open cars and yards, fever, privation of water, heavy 

 fleece. Lesions : right heart and systemic veins full, blood black fluid or 

 diffluent, left ventricle empty, congested meninges, effusions in or on brain, 

 or hsemorrhages. Symptoms: horse: dull, stupid, stubs toes, sways quar- 

 ters, droops head, hangs on bit, props on feet, breathes rapidly, pants, stertor, 

 dilated nostrils, gasping, fixed eyes, dilated pupils, tumultuous heartbeats, 

 gorged veins, epistaxis, perspiration, convulsions: ox: parallel symptoms : 

 sheep: open mouth, stertor, fixed eyes, pupils dilated, panting, swaying, 

 fall, convulsions : dog: dull, prostrate, pants, congested veins and mucosge, 

 weakness, spasms, syncope, speedy rigor mortis. Overheating. Diagnosis : 

 early excessive hyperthermia, venous congestion, shallow panting breathing, 

 violent heart action, loss of sensory and motor functions, convulsions. 

 Prevention : avoid violent, prolonged heat, and exertion, especially in case 

 of fat animals or those new to hot climate, keep emunctories acting, shade 

 head, water on head and to drink, protect fat cattle, shear sheep, water. 

 Treatment : shade and laxatives ; if severe, cold water from hose, ice bags 

 to poll, rub legs, acetanilid subcutem, stimulant enemata, later mineral 

 tonics, iron or zinc. 



Definition. A morbid condition produced by the exposure to 

 extreme heat, and marked by profound disorder of the vaso- 

 motor and heat centres. 



The single term of sun-stroke or heat-stroke has been replaced 

 by two, — heat exhaustion and sun-stroke, indicating two dis- 

 tinct conditions, brought about by exposure to heat and mani- 

 fested by different states of the body and distinctive symptoms. 



Heat Exhaustion. 



This appears as an exaggerated form of the general sense of 

 relaxation, weakness and languor which follows on prolonged 

 39 



