Meningo — Encephalitis. Staggers. 107 



tifonn attacks. In exceptional cases the sj'niptonis approximate 

 to those of rabies, in the tendency to seek sechision, to wander 

 off, to bite on an}- interference, and even to gnaw the bars of the 

 cage or any object within reach. After more or less of such ex- 

 citement, the period of stupor, coma, paresis, or paralysis comes 

 on, and the animal dies in a state of complete nervous prostra- 

 tion. In cases associated with the linguatula tsenioides the 

 sneezing, nasal discharge and nasal congestion, even in the early 

 stages, betray the true character of the disorder. 



The rabiform cases usually lack the intense heat of the head, 

 the deep conjunctival congestion, the depraved appetite, the 

 alteration of the voice, and the mischievous desire to attack 

 without reason which characterize rabies. 



Treatment. In all cases of phrenitis, quiet, darkness, and 

 coolness are especiall>' demanded. For the horse a room)', loose 

 box or a well fenced yard may be secured, and if he can be se- 

 cured by a halter from a point above the level of the head and in 

 the centre of the box it will obviate the increase of congestion by 

 hanging of the head. The application of cold to the cranium in 

 the form of wet cloths, ice bags or irrigation is always in order, 

 and should be continued so long as heat of the head and other 

 indications of cranial hypergemia la.st. 



In the horse suffering, as is so often the case, from narcotic 

 poisoning an active purgative is one of the first considerations to 

 clear away any remains of the poison from the prima vice. An 

 ounce of aloes may be safely given, as there is in this case little 

 danger of superpurgation, and, to secure an even nujre prompt 

 response, eserine {1% grain) or barium chloride ()4 drachm) may 

 be given subcutem. Or an ounce or two of glycerine by the 

 rectum might be used as a substitute for these last. The action of 

 the purgative proves not only eliminant and therefore antidotal, 

 but it is a most effective derivative from the brain. When the 

 re.stlessness or excitement is very great we may use acetanilid, 

 trional, .sulphonal or some one of the many brain sedatives and 

 antithermics. Sedatives, or anodynes like opium, which tend to 

 increase cerebral congestion are dangerous. 



Bleeding from the jugular or temporal arter}', has been objected 

 to on the ground that it tends to increase the exudate and there- 

 fore the pressure and cerebral anaemia. On the other hand it 



