176 Veterinary Medicine. 



doubtless secures accretions under meningeal exudates like those 

 of the choroid plexus. 



Sarcoma and encephaloid are usually found in connection 

 with the dura mater, and of small size, but numerous. They 

 often surround the roots of the spinal nerves, and here as on the 

 cord exert sufficient pressure to impair nervous function. 



Papilloma has been found connected with the pia mater and 

 of marked vascularity. The author has found one in the ewe in 

 a case of the neura.sthenia of advanced gestation. 



Lipoma is also rare. O.sseous growths are common, being 

 favored by sprains and injuries. All show a marked predilection 

 for the lumbar and last dorsal vertebrae. This may be partly ex- 

 plained by the liabilit}' to injury and to disease invasion through 

 the interlocking of the joint surfaces of the rings. Osteophytes 

 growing from the intervertebral cartilage are common in the dor- 

 sal region as well. 



Glioma has been found in cattle, occupying the substance of 

 the cord itself and growing to the size of a hen's q%^ or even of 

 the closed fist. The cord is gradually atrophied and paraplegia is 

 inevitable. 



Chrondro-sarcoma has been found growing from the inter- 

 vertebral fibro cartilage of dogs. 



The Symptoms may be deferred for a length of time on account 

 of the accommodation of the myelon to the slowh' increasing 

 pressure. When they do become manifest, it is usually at fir.st by 

 insensible gradations so that for a time their existence is question- 

 able. Yet a case will sometimes reach a sudden climax, by reason 

 of a blood extravasation or inflammatory exudate, and the signs 

 of sudden pressure or acute myelitis or meningitis superveiie. In 

 the absence of sudden access of trouble, the symptoms are those 

 of a slow increase of motor troubles (local paresis, paralysis, 

 paraplegia), or sensory (hyperaesthe.sia, ansesthesia). Spasms 

 may occur early or even later in the disease. From disorders due 

 to cerebral lesions the morbid phenomena are distinguished by 

 being paraplegic rather than hemiplegic ; .sensori-motor rather than 

 sensory or motor ; local rather than general ; with intelligence 

 and special senses clear, rather than dull or abolished ; associated 

 with marked muscular atrophy in the affected parts ; advancing 

 from behind forward rather than uniform throughout the body. 



